Dietary Spirulina Supplementation Protects Visual Function From Photostress by Suppressing Retinal Neurodegeneration in Mice
Dietary Spirulina Supplementation Protects Visual Function From Photostress by Suppressing Retinal Neurodegeneration in Mice
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DOI：
10.1167/tvst.8.6.20
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ozawa, Yoko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okamoto, Tomohiro;Kawashima, Hirohiko;Ozawa, Yoko
目的：我们调查是否每天消耗的螺旋藻，抗氧化剂产生的蓝藻营养补充剂，将抑制光应激诱导的视网膜损伤和防止视力丧失的mice.Methods：6周龄的雄性BALB/cAJcl小鼠被允许不断访问的标准或螺旋藻补充饮食（20%螺旋藻），其中包括抗氧化剂，β-胡萝卜素和玉米黄质，和蛋白质4周。在暗适应后，将小鼠暴露于3000勒克斯白色光1小时并放回其笼中。通过视网膜电图分析视功能，通过苏木精和伊红染色、末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸缺口末端标记（TUNEL）分析和免疫组织化学分析视网膜组织学。视网膜的蛋白质，活性氧（ROS），和mRNA的表达进行了测定，使用免疫印迹分析，酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），2 '，7'-二氯荧光素-二乙酸酯，或ROS Brite 700染料，和实时逆转录聚合酶链反应，real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction，respectively.Results：光诱导的视觉功能障碍被抑制由恒定的螺旋藻摄入量。在螺旋藻摄入组中，感光层和外节变薄、感光细胞死亡、视紫红质蛋白减少和胶质细胞酸性蛋白诱导得到改善。补充螺旋藻可降低光暴露后视网膜ROS水平的增加。光诱导的超氧化物歧化酶2和血红素加氧酶-1的mRNA在视网膜中，和Nrf 2在感光细胞中的激活，被保存与螺旋藻的补充，尽管减少ROS水平，这表明两种途径抑制ROS，清除和诱导内源性抗氧化酶。光诱导的MCP-1视网膜mRNA和蛋白质也被抑制由Spirulina.Conclusions：螺旋藻摄入保护视网膜光感受器从光应激在视网膜。
Purpose: We investigated whether daily consumption of Spirulina, an antioxidant generating cyanobacterial nutritional supplement, would suppress photostress-induced retinal damage and prevent vision loss in mice.Methods: Six-week-old male BALB/cAJcl mice were allowed constant access to either a standard or Spirulina-supplemented diet (20% Spirulina) that included the antioxidants, beta-carotene and zeaxanthin, and proteins for 4 weeks. Following dark adaptation, mice were exposed to 3000-lux white light for 1 hour and returned to their cages. Visual function was analyzed by electroretinogram, and retinal histology by hematoxylin and eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated, deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and immunohistochemistry. Retinal expression of proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mRNAs were measured using immunoblot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate, or ROS Brite 700 Dyes, and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively.Results: Light-induced visual function impairment was suppressed by constant Spirulina intake. Thinning of the photoreceptor layer and outer segments, photoreceptor cell death, decreased rhodopsin protein, and induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein were ameliorated in the Spirulina-intake group. Increased retinal ROS levels after light exposure were reduced by Spirulina supplementation. Light-induced superoxide dismutase 2 and heme oxygenase-1 mRNAs in the retina, and Nrf2 activation in the photoreceptor cells, were preserved with Spirulina supplementation, despite reduced ROS levels, suggesting two pathways for suppressing ROS, scavenging and induction of endogenous antioxidative enzymes. Light-induced MCP-1 retinal mRNA and proteins were also suppressed by Spirulina.Conclusions: Spirulina ingestion protected retinal photoreceptors from photostress in the retina.