The neural basis of attentional alterations in prenatally protein malnourished rats.
The neural basis of attentional alterations in prenatally protein malnourished rats.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhaa239
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
R. Rushmore;J. McGaughy;A. Amaral;D. Mokler;P. Morgane;J. Galler;D. Rosene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Rushmore;J. McGaughy;A. Amaral;D. Mokler;P. Morgane;J. Galler;D. Rosene
妊娠期间的蛋白质营养不良会改变大脑发育，并产生特定的行为和认知变化，这些变化持续到成年期，并增加神经精神疾病的风险。鉴于前额叶皮层在这类疾病中的作用的证据，重要的是，对人类和动物模型的研究表明，产前蛋白质营养不良特别影响与前额叶皮层相关的功能。然而，这些变化背后的神经基础尚不清楚。在目前的研究中，产前营养不良的大鼠和对照组大鼠在不可预测的干扰物下执行持续的注意力任务，该任务取决于完整的前额叶皮质功能。放射性标记的2-脱氧葡萄糖用于测量任务期间的神经和脑网络活动。结果证实，成年产前营养不良的大鼠比对照组更易分心，表现出较低的功能活动，在前额叶皮质。因此，前额叶活动是一个预测的任务表现在控制，但不是产前营养不良的动物。相反，产前营养不良的动物依赖于不同的大脑网络，包括海马体等边缘结构。这些结果提供了证据，表明大脑发育期间蛋白质的减少对大脑网络的影响比以前认识到的更广泛，导致大脑网络的形成，这可能反映了产前营养不良大脑的补偿反应。
Protein malnutrition during gestation alters brain development and produces specific behavioral and cognitive changes that persist into adulthood and increase the risks of neuropsychiatric disorders. Given evidence for the role of the prefrontal cortex in such diseases, it is significant that studies in humans and animal models have shown that prenatal protein malnutrition specifically affects functions associated with prefrontal cortex. However, the neural basis underlying these changes is unclear. In the current study, prenatally malnourished and control rats performed a sustained attention task with an unpredictable distractor, a task that depends on intact prefrontal cortical function. Radiolabeled 2-deoxyglucose was used to measure neural and brain network activity during the task. Results confirmed that adult prenatally malnourished rats were more distractible than controls and exhibited lower functional activity in prefrontal cortices. Thus, prefrontal activity was a predictor of task performance in controls but not prenatally malnourished animals. Instead, prenatally malnourished animals relied on different brain networks involving limbic structures such as the hippocampus. These results provide evidence that protein reduction during brain development has more wide-reaching effects on brain networks than previously appreciated, resulting in the formation of brain networks that may reflect compensatory responses in prenatally malnourished brains.