[Alcohol problems in drinking drivers and clinical management methods].
[Alcohol problems in drinking drivers and clinical management methods].
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DOI：
10.1016/j.respe.2008.01.008
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发表时间：
2008-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anpaa;B. Fleury;M. Craplet;B. Nalpas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anpaa;B. Fleury;M. Craplet;B. Nalpas
为了提高对酒驾类型的认识，他们的临床管理和治疗后的酒精消费结果，参加研究的18个酗酒者护理门诊中心之一的1086名酒驾进行了研究；那些需要长期治疗或被要求接受治疗的人在一年的时间里接受了随访。其中大多数（95%）是平均年龄为38岁的男性。在酒精抽查期间（62%），在交通事故（23%）或交通违规（15%）之后记录了酒驾违法行为。35%的人是第二次犯罪，19%的人被要求接受治疗。检查前的饮酒量有67%是烈酒，剩下的33%是葡萄酒或啤酒。有38%的男性和女性被诊断出严重的酒精问题（即滥用或依赖）。平均血液酒精浓度为1.6 g/l，性别差异无统计学意义；在发生交通事故后接受检查的人、喝烈酒、葡萄酒和啤酒的人以及有严重酒精问题的人，这种情况明显增加。对那些被要求接受治疗的人以及其他三分之一的人，主要包括那些二犯和有严重酒精问题的人，组织了后续行动。两组对约会的遵守情况相似。在随访结束时（涉及350名受试者），75%是不饮酒者或适度饮酒者，而剩下的25%仍然是滥用者或依赖者；与无酒精行为改善独立且显著相关的单一参数“被强制治疗”（RR= 4.4 CI [2.03-9.69], p< 0.001）。我们的研究结果证实了在酒后驾车的司机中严重酒精问题的高发性，并表明女性和男性一样受到关注。他们评估说，不管司机喝的是哪种酒精饮料，他们血液中的酒精含量都会增加，因此，在开车前过量饮酒，所有这些饮料无一例外都是危险的。最后，我们的研究结果表明，应该讨论强制治疗酒驾，并重新审视其疗效。
BackgroundIn order to improve knowledge on the typology of drinking drivers, their clinical management and their outcome in terms of alcohol consumption following treatment, 1086 drinking drivers attending one of the 18 outpatient centres for the care of alcoholics participating to the study were studied; those requiring long-term therapy or those mandated to treatment were followed-up during one year. Most of them (95%) were men with a mean age of 38 years. The drinking-driving offence was recorded during an alcohol spot-check (62%), following a traffic accident (23%) or a traffic offence (15%). For 35%, it was the second offence and 19% have been mandated to treatment. Alcohol consumption before checking were based on spirits in 67% of cases and only wine or beer for the remaining 33%. Severe alcohol problems (ie abuse or dependence) were diagnosed in 38%, both in men and women. Mean blood alcohol level was 1.6 g/l, without any difference according to sex; it was significantly increased in those checked following a traffic accident, in those having drank spirits, wine and beer and in those having a severe alcohol problem. Follow-up was organized for those mandated to treatment and for a third of the others, including mainly those second-offenders and those with a severe alcohol problem. Observance to appointments were similar in both groups. At the end of follow-up (350 subjects were concerned), 75% were either non-or moderate drinkers while the 25% remaining were still abuser or dependent; the single parameter independently and significantly associated to an absence of alcohol behaviour improvement was" to be mandated to treatment"(RR= 4.4 CI [2.03-9.69], p< 0.001). Our results confirm the high prevalence of severe alcohol problems in drinking drivers and demonstrate that women are concerned as much as men. They assess that since increased blood alcohol levels in drivers are observed whatever the type of alcoholic beverages consumed, all these latter without any exception are dangerous when drank in excess before driving. Finally, our results suggest that mandating to treatment a drinking driver should be discussed and its efficacy revisited.