Nipah virus: transmission of a zoonotic paramyxovirus
Nipah virus: transmission of a zoonotic paramyxovirus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2016.12.003
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Clayton, Bronwyn Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clayton, Bronwyn Anne
尼帕病毒是一种新近发现的人畜共患副粘病毒，可导致严重疾病和高死亡率。马来西亚、新加坡、印度和孟加拉国已爆发疫情，菲律宾最近也发现一种疑似尼帕病毒与人类疾病有关。令人担忧的是，人与人之间的传播在孟加拉国很常见，那里几乎每年都会爆发疫情。在孟加拉国，尼帕病毒的人类传播与与临床不适的患者或他们的传染性分泌物的密切接触有关。虽然到目前为止，与人类感染暴发有关的尼帕病毒分离株尚未导致持续传播，但特定的暴露具有人与人之间传播的高风险，这一观察结果得到了动物模型中最近的研究结果的支持。新的副粘病毒不断从野生动物宿主中出现，并在全球范围内对人类健康构成持续威胁。
Nipah virus is a recently-recognised, zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe disease and high fatality rates in people. Outbreaks have occurred in Malaysia, Singapore, India and Bangladesh, and a putative Nipah virus was also recently associated with human disease in the Philippines. Worryingly, human-to-human transmission is common in Bangladesh, where outbreaks occur with near-annual frequency. Onward human transmission of Nipah virus in Bangladesh is associated with close contact with clinically-unwell patients or their infectious secretions. While Nipah virus isolates associated with outbreaks of human infection have not resulted in sustained transmission to date, specific exposures carry a high risk of person-to-person transmission, an observation which is supported by recent findings in animal models. Novel paramyxoviruses continue to emerge from wildlife hosts, and represent an ongoing threat to human health globally.