Positive affect and health-related neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory processes
Positive affect and health-related neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory processes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0409174102
复制
发表时间：
2005-05-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Marmot, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steptoe, A;Wardle, J;Marmot, M
抑郁等消极情绪状态与过早死亡、冠心病、2型糖尿病和残疾风险增加有关。有人认为，积极的情感状态具有保护作用，但人们对这种影响可能介导的途径知之甚少。在这里，我们表明中年男性和女性的积极影响与神经内分泌、炎症和心血管活动的减少有关。积极的影响是通过在工作日内汇总短暂的快乐体验样本来评估的，并且与当天的皮质醇输出呈负相关，独立于年龄、性别、社会经济地位、体重和吸烟。在休闲日也观察到了类似的模式。幸福感也与一天中使用动态监测方法评估的心率呈负相关。参与者在实验室进行了精神压力测试，结果发现快乐的人的血浆纤维蛋白原压力反应较小。这些影响独立于心理困扰，支持积极幸福与健康相关的生物过程直接相关的概念。
Negative affective states such as depression are associated with premature mortality and increased risk of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and disability. It has been suggested that positive affective states are protective, but the pathways through which such effects might be mediated are poorly understood. Here we show that positive affect in middle-aged men and women is associated with reduced neuroendocrine, inflammatory, and cardiovascular activity. Positive affect was assessed by aggregating momentary experience samples of happiness over a working day and was inversely related to cortisol output over the day, independently of age, gender, socioeconomic position, body mass, and smoking. Similar patterns were observed on a leisure day. Happiness was also inversely related to heart rate assessed by using ambulatory monitoring methods over the day. Participants underwent mental stress testing in the laboratory, where plasma fibrinogen stress responses were smaller in happier individuals. These effects were independent of psychological distress, supporting the notion that positive well-being is directly related to health-relevant biological processes.