Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controversial diagnosis.
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controversial diagnosis.
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发表时间：
1998-08
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通讯作者：
T. Spencer;J. Biederman;T. Wilens;S. Faraone
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作者：
T. Spencer;J. Biederman;T. Wilens;S. Faraone
成人注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的诊断一直存在争议。本文回顾了迄今为止关于成人ADHD的诊断是否有效以及与儿童综合征是否一致的经验证据。检验了描述性、发散性、预测性和同时效度的证据。现有文献提供的证据表明，成人ADHD可以被可靠地诊断，并且诊断赋予了相当大的能力来预测并发症和治疗反应。对受影响个体的遗传传播、特定治疗反应以及大脑结构和功能异常的研究也与儿童ADHD的研究一致。越来越多的证据表明，成人ADHD是一种并不罕见、有效的临床诊断。此外，研究表明，成人和儿童ADHD患者可能有类似的治疗反应，潜在的神经生物学底物。
The diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults has remained controversial. This paper reviews the empirical evidence to date as to whether the diagnosis of ADHD in adults is valid and consistent with the childhood syndrome. Evidence of descriptive, divergent, predictive, and concurrent validity were examined. The available literature provides evidence that adult ADHD can be reliably diagnosed and that the diagnosis confers considerable power to forecast complications and treatment response. Studies of genetic transmission, specific treatment responses, and abnormalities in brain structure and function in affected individuals are also consistent with studies in childhood ADHD. There is converging evidence that adult ADHD is a not rare, valid clinical diagnosis. In addition, studies suggest that adult and child patients with ADHD may share a similar treatment-responsive, underlying neurobiological substrate.