Bridging the Gap: Transitive Associations Between Items Presented in Similar Temporal Contexts
Bridging the Gap: Transitive Associations Between Items Presented in Similar Temporal Contexts
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DOI：
10.1037/a0015002
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Datey, Aditya V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Howard, Marc W.;Jing, Bing;Datey, Aditya V.
在情景记忆任务中，在时间上靠近的项目之间形成关联。时间背景模型（TCM）假设这种邻近效应是共享时间背景的结果，而不是时间接近本身。使用配对关联的双功能列表（例如，A-B，B-C）以随机顺序呈现，作者检查了在时间上不靠近但在相似的时间背景下呈现的项目之间的关联。在学习之后，跨配对的关联随着列表中的距离而下降，好像受试者已经将配对整合到一个连贯的记忆结构中。配对内关联（例如，A-B）是强烈不对称的，有利于正向转换;跨对关联（例如，A-C）没有显示不对称的证据。虽然这种结果模式对异源联想介导的链式模型提出了严峻的挑战，但TCM提供了对数据的极好拟合。这些研究结果表明，情节记忆中的邻近效应并不反映项目之间的直接关联，而是一个过程的绑定，编码和检索的时间背景逐渐变化的表示。
In episodic memory tasks, associations are formed between items presented close together in time. The temporal context model (TCM) hypothesizes that this contiguity effect is a consequence of shared temporal context rather than temporal proximity per se. Using double-function lists of paired associates (e.g., A-B, B-C) presented in a random order, the authors examined associations between items that were not presented close together in time but that were presented in similar temporal contexts. After learning, across-pair associations fell off with distance in the list, as if subjects had integrated the pairs into a coherent memory structure. Within-pair associations (e.g., A-B) were strongly asymmetric favoring forward transitions; across-pair associations (e.g., A-C) showed no evidence of asymmetry. While this pattern of results presented a stern challenge for a heteroassociative mediated chaining model, TCM provided an excellent fit to the data. These findings suggest that contiguity effects in episodic memory do not reflect direct associations between items but rather a process of binding, encoding, and retrieval of a gradually changing representation of temporal context.