Phenotypic plasticity in nematodes: Evolutionary and ecological significance.
Phenotypic plasticity in nematodes: Evolutionary and ecological significance.
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DOI：
10.4161/worm.21086
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Diaz A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Viney M;Diaz A
包括线虫在内的模型系统已经被成功地研究，以了解发育的遗传控制。一个基因的表型决定了它在恶劣、异质和动态的自然环境中的进化适合性。表型可塑性，即一个基因组可以产生不同的表型以响应环境的过程，使基因类型能够更好地将其表型与环境相匹配。表型可塑性在线虫中普遍存在，既被视为生活史阶段的差异，或许寄生线虫是最好的例证，也是发育选择的最佳例证，如线虫Dauer/Non-Dauer的发育选择。了解表型可塑性特征的遗传基础可能会解释许多基因的功能，这些基因的功能仍然不清楚。要了解表型可塑性性状的适应性益处，我们需要了解不同基因型之间的可塑性差异，以及这种可塑性在不同的不同环境中的影响。
Model systems, including C. elegans, have been successfully studied to understand the genetic control of development. A genotype’s phenotype determines its evolutionary fitness in natural environments, which are typically harsh, heterogeneous and dynamic. Phenotypic plasticity, the process by which one genome can produce different phenotypes in response to the environment, allows genotypes to better match their phenotype to their environment. Phenotypic plasticity is rife among nematodes, seen both as differences among life-cycles stages, perhaps best exemplified by parasitic nematodes, as well as developmental choices, such as shown by the C. elegans dauer/non-dauer developmental choice. Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypically plastic traits will probably explain the function of many genes whose function still remains unclear. Understanding the adaptive benefits of phenotypically plastic traits requires that we understand how plasticity differs among genotypes, and the effects of this in diverse, different environments.