Immunological Studies of Human Trophoblast: Markers, Subsets and Functions
Immunological Studies of Human Trophoblast: Markers, Subsets and Functions
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人类滋养层的免疫学研究：标记物、亚群和功能
作者：
W. Faulk;J. Mcintyre
人们有很多不同的理由想知道正常人类妊娠中的同种异体关系是如何成功的，但这个问题还远远没有得到解答。与此同时，调查人员将继续使用他们拥有经验并充满信心的想法、方法和工具。有些研究调节胎儿免疫功能的因素（综述参见 Murgita & Wigzel 1981）；其他人则更多地关注母亲（参见 Rocklin et al. 1979）；还有一些人则检查异常妊娠的特殊方面，例如自然流产（Gill 1983）。尽管没有人知道该系统如何运作以促进怀孕，但我们的特殊偏见是滋养层是使其发挥作用的驱动力；因为，没有滋养层，就没有怀孕。这种偏见源于我们对正常胎盘免疫病理学的早期观察（McCormick et al. 1971，Faulk et al. 1974，Faulk et al. 1980b，Faulk & Fox 1982 综述），并通过实验得到扩展和放大，实验表明滋养层以及滋养层抗体能够阻碍同种异体识别（通过对混合细胞的特异性抑制来测量）。淋巴细胞培养反应（McIntyre & Faulk 1979 & 1979a）。由于多种原因，许多实验室对滋养层抗原生物化学产生了兴趣，并且出现了大量关于该主题的出版物（Faulk et al. 1977、Whyte & Loke 1979、Ogbimi et al. 1979，参见 Johnson et al. 1980 的评论）。其中一些工作证实并扩展了我们实验室的早期假设，即滋养层膜可以作为半抗原载体系统，其中一组滋养层抗原（TA1）是载体，第二组（TA2）是半抗原（Faulk等人，1978）。这一假说引用了滋养层-淋巴细胞交叉反应抗原的概念，这一想法随后通过在外周血淋巴细胞上显示人胎盘细胞表面抗原而得到生化证实（Hamilton 等人，1980）。 McIntyre 和 Faulk (1982, 1982a) 后来证明这些抗原是同种异型的，并且在上面的段落中提供的数据表明滋养层膜的这些成分能够作为免疫原来刺激母亲对其囊胚进行免疫识别。事实上，目前我们的解释是，成功的着床取决于母亲对囊胚的识别，而缺乏识别会导致自然流产，有时发生得太早，以至于母亲不知道自己怀孕了（Miller et al. 1980）。（摘要截断为 400 字）
People have many different reasons for wanting to know how the allogeneic relationship in normal human pregnancy is successful, but this question is far from being answered. Meanwhile, investigators will continue to use the ideas, approaches and tools with which they have experience and in which they have placed their confidence. Some study the factors which regulate immune functions in the fetus (for review see Murgita & Wigzel 1981); other focus more on the mother (for review see Rocklin et al. 1979); while yet others examine specialized aspects of abnormal pregnancies such as spontaneous abortion (Gill 1983). Although no one knows how the system operates to favor pregnancy, our particular bias is that trophoblast is the driving force which makes it work; for, without trophoblast, there is no pregnancy. This prejudice grew from our early observations of immunopathology in normal placentae (McCormick et al. 1971, Faulk et al. 1974, Faulk et al. 1980b, and reviewed by Faulk & Fox 1982) and was extended and amplified by experiments which showed that trophoblast, as well as antibodies to trophoblast, were able to impede allogeneic recognition as measured by specific inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (McIntyre & Faulk 1979 & 1979a). For a variety of reasons, many laboratories became interested in trophoblast-antigen biochemistry, and a burst of publications appeared on this subject (Faulk et al. 1977, Whyte & Loke 1979, Ogbimi et al. 1979, see review by Johnson et al. 1980). Some of this work confirmed and extended an earlier hypothesis from our laboratory that trophoblast membranes could serve as a hapten-carrier system where one group of trophoblast antigens (TA1) was the carrier, and a second group (TA2) was the hapten (Faulk et al. 1978). This hypothesis invoked a concept of trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigens, an idea which was subsequently confirmed biochemically by showing human placental cell-surface antigens on peripheral blood lymphocytes (Hamilton et al. 1980). McIntyre and Faulk (1982, 1982a) later showed that these antigens were allotypic, and data have been provided in the above paragraphs to show that these components of trophoblast membranes are capable of serving as immunogens to stimulate the mother to mount immune recognition of her blastocyst. Indeed, it is presently our interpretation that successful nidation depends upon maternal recognition of the blastocyst, and that a lack of recognition results in spontaneous abortion, sometimes occurring so early that the mother is not aware that she was pregnant (Miller et al. 1980).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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用次要组织相容性抗原进行预处理可防止功能性 CTL 辅助细胞活性的发展。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hayes,RL;Claman,HN
通讯作者：
Claman,HN
人类自然流产的免疫遗传学。
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Gill3rd,TJ
通讯作者：
Gill3rd,TJ
用M is-不同的细胞预处理可抑制体内同种异体细胞毒性反应的诱导。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hayes,RL;Claman,HN
通讯作者：
Claman,HN
DOI：
10.1016/0090-1229(82)90047-2
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Clinical immunology and immunopathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rocklin,RE;Kitzmiller,JL;Garvoy,MR
通讯作者：
Garvoy,MR
哈特派之间有共同的 HLA 抗原和生殖能力。
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Ober,CL;Martin,AO;Simpson,JL;Hauck,WW;Amos,DB;Kostyu,DD;Fotino,M;AllenJr,FH
通讯作者：
AllenJr,FH