Toward the second generation of optogenetic tools.
Toward the second generation of optogenetic tools.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4190-10.2010
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发表时间：
2010-11-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boyden ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Knöpfel T;Lin MZ;Levskaya A;Tian L;Lin JY;Boyden ES
这个小型研讨会的目的是提供光遗传学最新发展的综合观点。这一新兴领域的研究将光学方法与遗传编码的基于蛋白质的探针的靶向表达相结合，以实现具有上级时间和空间分辨率的神经系统的实验操作和测量。光遗传学工具箱的基本组成部分包括两种分子器件：致动器和报告器，它们分别能够实现光介导的分子过程控制或监测。第一代基因编码的钙报告基因、荧光蛋白和神经激活剂已经对神经科学产生了巨大的影响。现在，第二代电压报告器，神经沉默器和功能扩展的荧光蛋白为继续这场革命带来了巨大的希望。在这篇综述中，我们将评估和强调目前可用的视光工具的局限性，并讨论这些技术及其应用在未来的发展方向。
This mini-symposium aims to provide an integrated perspective on recent developments in optogenetics. Research in this emerging field combines optical methods with targeted expression of genetically encoded, protein-based probes to achieve experimental manipulation and measurement of neural systems with superior temporal and spatial resolution. The essential components of the optogenetic toolbox consist of two kinds of molecular devices: actuators and reporters, which respectively enable light-mediated control or monitoring of molecular processes. The first generation of genetically encoded calcium reporters, fluorescent proteins, and neural activators has already had a great impact on neuroscience. Now, a second generation of voltage reporters, neural silencers, and functionally extended fluorescent proteins hold great promise for continuing this revolution. In this review, we will evaluate and highlight the limitations of presently available optogenic tools and discuss where these technologies and their applications are headed in the future.