Europe (in Theory)
Europe (in Theory)
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欧洲（理论上）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Joshua Arthurs
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作者：
Joshua Arthurs
《理论上的欧洲》是对18世纪和19世纪关于欧洲的思想的创新分析，这些思想在今天继续影响着人们对文化、政治和身份的思考。罗伯托·m·戴诺托（Roberto M. Dainotto）借鉴了下层社会和后殖民研究的见解，不是从所谓的外围，而是从欧洲内部解构帝国主义。他提出了一种欧洲中心主义的谱系，解释了现代欧洲理论如何将欧洲大陆的南部地区边缘化，将希腊、意大利、西班牙和葡萄牙等国描绘成非理性、腐败和以宗族为基础的国家，与北欧理性、有公民意识的国家相比。代诺托认为，从孟德斯鸠的《法的精神》（1748）开始，欧洲不仅将自己与“东方的”他者对立，而且与自己边界内的元素——南方——对立。他将欧洲中心主义的根源定位于这种否认；将他者内在化，使人们有可能在不涉及其边界以外的任何事物的情况下理解和解释欧洲。
Europe (in Theory) is an innovative analysis of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century ideas about Europe that continue to inform thinking about culture, politics, and identity today. Drawing on insights from subaltern and postcolonial studies, Roberto M. Dainotto deconstructs imperialism not from the so-called periphery but from within Europe itself. He proposes a genealogy of Eurocentrism that accounts for the way modern theories of Europe have marginalized the continent’s own southern region, portraying countries including Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugal as irrational, corrupt, and clan-based in comparison to the rational, civic-minded nations of northern Europe. Dainotto argues that beginning with Montesquieu’s The Spirit of Laws (1748), Europe not only defined itself against an “Oriental” other but also against elements within its own borders: its South. He locates the roots of Eurocentrism in this disavowal; internalizing the other made it possible to understand and explain Europe without reference to anything beyond its boundaries.
Dainotto synthesizes a vast array of literary, philosophical, and historical works by authors from different parts of Europe. He scrutinizes theories that came to dominate thinking about the continent, including Montesquieu’s invention of Europe’s north-south divide, Hegel’s “two Europes,” and Madame de Stael’s idea of opposing European literatures: a modern one from the North, and a pre-modern one from the South. At the same time, Dainotto brings to light counter-narratives written from Europe’s margins, such as the Spanish Jesuit Juan Andres’s suggestion that the origins of modern European culture were eastern rather than northern and the Italian Orientalist Michele Amari’s assertion that the South was the cradle of a social democracy brought to Europe via Islam.