Historical waterscape trajectories that need care: the unwanted refurbished flood homes of Kinston's devolved disaster mitigation program
Historical waterscape trajectories that need care: the unwanted refurbished flood homes of Kinston's devolved disaster mitigation program
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DOI：
10.2458/v24i1.20976
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Fraser, James C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Vries, Daniel H.;Fraser, James C.
1999年，飓风弗洛伊德袭击了北卡罗来纳州东部，在此之后，许多地方参与了洪水易发地区的联邦房屋收购-搬迁计划，共同和下放治理权。这篇文章报道了在金斯顿市进行的一个这样的项目，在那里，一个历史悠久的非洲裔美国人社区林肯市被上游一个受损的污水处理厂的污水严重淹没。后来，一些购置的房屋被搬迁到邻近的中产阶级非裔美国人家庭居住的地区。本文探讨了在何种程度上减轻洪水的政治权力下放剥夺居民处理这一危机，在他们的水景。结合从医学人类学框架的选择和照顾的逻辑与历史的政治生态，它说明了如何下放政府政策导致水景的歧视性历史的延续后，买断计划，没有追索权的当地公民作为该计划的工作通过一个逻辑的选择，划分责任。理解这种情况下，需要一个历史知情的社会影响评估，其中所选择的防洪减灾措施进行了严格的评估，使用工具，从历史知情的政治生态，导致一个长期的护理逻辑在需要的地方。
In 1999 Hurricane Floyd pummeled the eastern portion of North Carolina (NC, U.S.A.), and in its wake many localities participated in federal home acquisition-relocation programs in flood-prone areas, with shared and devolved governance. This article reports on one such program that was conducted in the City of Kinston, where a historical African-American neighborhood called Lincoln City was badly flooded by water containing raw sewage from a compromised wastewater treatment plant upstream. Afterwards, some of the acquired homes were relocated to an adjacent area populated by middle-class, African-American families. The article explores to what extent political devolution of flood mitigation disempowered residents to deal with this crisis in their waterscape. Combining a framework from medical anthropology regarding the logics of choice and care with historical political ecology, it illustrates how devolved government policy led to a continuation of the waterscape's discriminatory history after the buyout program, with no recourse for local citizens as the program worked through a logic of choice that demarcated responsibilities. Understanding this case requires a historically informed assessment of social impact, in which the chosen flood mitigation measures are critically assessed using tools from historically-informed political ecology, leading to a longerterm logic of care where needed.