Global distribution and budget of PCBs and HCB in background surface soils: Implications or sources and environmental processes
Global distribution and budget of PCBs and HCB in background surface soils: Implications or sources and environmental processes
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DOI：
10.1021/es025809l
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发表时间：
2003-02-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jones, KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meijer, SN;Ockenden, WA;Jones, KC
本文介绍了全球191个土壤背景表层（0-5 cm）中多氯联苯（PCBs）和六氯苯（HCB）浓度的调查数据。发现不同地点之间的多氯联苯含量差异高达4个数量级。格陵兰和欧洲大陆（法国、德国、波兰）的样本中多氯联苯浓度最低和最高（26和97 000皮克/克干重）。背景土壤PCB浓度的强烈影响，接近源区和土壤有机质（SOM）含量。估计土壤中多氯联苯含量的大部分（>80%）仍然存在于北方温带（北纬30- 60度）的“全球来源区”或其以北富含有机物的土壤中。在全球数据集中，有机质百分比与多氯联苯和六氯代苯相关，六氯代苯和较轻的多氯联苯的相关系数大于较重的同系物。NH中富含OM的土壤始终包含最高的负担，这些土壤是这些化合物的关键全球舱。在全球来源区域纬度以北的土壤子集中发现了多氯联苯全球分馏的证据，但在全球数据集中没有发现。利用完整的数据集估算了表层背景土壤中个别同系物/同系物的含量，并估算了全球土壤中21 000吨多氯联苯的总含量。清单的意义进行了简要讨论，有关全球生产和大气排放的最新估计。
This paper presents data from a survey of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentrations in 191 global background surface (0-5 cm) soils. Differences of up to 4 orders of magnitude were found between sites for PCBs. The lowest and highest PCB concentrations (26 and 97 000 pg/g dw) were found in samples from Greenland and mainland Europe (France, Germany, Poland), respectively. Background soil PCB concentrations were strongly influenced by proximity to source region and soil organic matter (SOM) content. Most (>80%) of the estimated soil PCB burden remains in the "global source region" of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperate latitudes (30-60degrees N) or in the OM-rich soils just north of that. %SOM correlated with PCB and HCB in the global data set, with the correlation coefficients being greater for HCB and the lighter PCBs than for heavier homologues. OM-rich soils in the NH consistently contained the highest burdens; such soils are a key global compartment for these compounds. Evidence for global fractionation of PCBs was found in the subset of soils from latitudes north of the global source region but was not discerned with the global data set. The full data set was used to estimate the burden for individual congeners/homologues in surface background soils and a global soil total PCB burden of 21 000 t. The significance of the inventory is briefly discussed in relation to the latest estimates of global production and atmospheric emission.