New perspectives on the biology of fragile X syndrome.

New perspectives on the biology of fragile X syndrome.
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关于脆弱X综合征生物学的新观点。

DOI:
10.1016/j.gde.2012.02.002
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发表时间:
2012-06
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Warren, Stephen T.
Warren, Stephen T.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Tao;Bray, Steven M.;Warren, Stephen T.

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脆性X综合征(FXS)是由FMR 1中的CGG重复扩增及其蛋白产物FMRP的丢失引起的三核苷酸重复障碍。最近的研究为FMRP通过核糖体停滞和microRNA途径在翻译抑制中的作用提供了更多的支持。在神经元中,特别关注的是识别信号传导途径,如调节FMRP的第1组代谢型谷氨酸受体(mGluR1/5)下游的PI3K和mTOR。新的证据还表明,FMRP的缺失导致突触前功能障碍和异常的成人神经发生。此外,对FXS干细胞的研究,特别是诱导多能干细胞(iPS)和新的测序工作,为更深入地了解FMR 1的沉默过程和突变谱提供了希望。
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a trinucleotide repeat disorder caused by a CGG repeat expansion in FMR1, and loss of its protein product FMRP. Recent studies have provided increased support for the role of FMRP in translational repression via ribosomal stalling and the microRNA pathway. In neurons, particular focus has been placed on identifying the signaling pathways such as PI3K and mTOR downstream of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/5) that regulate FMRP. New evidence also suggests that loss of FMRP causes presynaptic dysfunction and abnormal adult neurogenesis. In addition, studies on FXS stem cells especially induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and new sequencing efforts hold out promise for deeper understanding of the silencing process and mutation spectrum of FMR1.
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