Rhinovirus increases Moraxella catarrhalis adhesion to the respiratory epithelium.
Rhinovirus increases Moraxella catarrhalis adhesion to the respiratory epithelium.
复制标题
鼻病毒增加卡他莫拉菌对呼吸道上皮的粘附。
DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2022.1060748
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
鼻病毒引起许多类型的呼吸道疾病，从轻微感冒到哮喘恶化。卡他莫拉菌是一种机会致病菌，在鼻病毒疾病和哮喘急性发作期间大量增加，并通过不明确的机制与疾病严重程度增加相关。我们使用了一个在气液界面分化的人气道上皮细胞的共感染模型来检验鼻病毒感染促进M。卡他菌在呼吸道上皮上的粘附和存活。初步实验表明，感染M.单独的卡他不损伤上皮或诱导细胞因子产生，但增加了跨上皮电阻，表明屏障功能增加。在混合感染模型中，用毒性更强的鼻病毒-A和鼻病毒-C感染，而不是毒性较弱的鼻病毒-B型感染，增加了细胞相关M。粘膜炎。免疫荧光染色显示，M.粘膜炎粘附于鼻病毒感染的纤毛上皮细胞，感染的细胞从上皮中挤出。鼻病毒诱导的基因表达和分泌的炎性细胞因子的显着变化。相比之下，M.卡他引起最小的影响，并没有增强RV诱导的反应。我们的结果表明，鼻病毒A或C感染增加M。卡他生存和细胞联合，而M.单独的卡他感染不引起细胞病理学或上皮炎症。我们的研究结果表明，鼻病毒和M。卡他混合感染可通过放大上皮表面的白细胞炎症反应而促进上皮损伤和更严重的疾病。
Rhinovirus causes many types of respiratory illnesses, ranging from minor colds to exacerbations of asthma. Moraxella catarrhalis is an opportunistic pathogen that is increased in abundance during rhinovirus illnesses and asthma exacerbations and is associated with increased severity of illness through mechanisms that are ill-defined. We used a co-infection model of human airway epithelium differentiated at the air-liquid interface to test the hypothesis that rhinovirus infection promotes M. catarrhalis adhesion and survival on the respiratory epithelium. Initial experiments showed that infection with M. catarrhalis alone did not damage the epithelium or induce cytokine production, but increased trans-epithelial electrical resistance, indicative of increased barrier function. In a co-infection model, infection with the more virulent rhinovirus-A and rhinovirus-C, but not the less virulent rhinovirus-B types, increased cell-associated M. catarrhalis. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that M. catarrhalis adhered to rhinovirus-infected ciliated epithelial cells and infected cells being extruded from the epithelium. Rhinovirus induced pronounced changes in gene expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, M. catarrhalis caused minimal effects and did not enhance RV-induced responses. Our results indicate that rhinovirus-A or C infection increases M. catarrhalis survival and cell association while M. catarrhalis infection alone does not cause cytopathology or epithelial inflammation. Our findings suggest that rhinovirus and M. catarrhalis co-infection could promote epithelial damage and more severe illness by amplifying leukocyte inflammatory responses at the epithelial surface.