Application of water quality indices and dissolved oxygen as indicators for river water classification and urban impact assessment
Application of water quality indices and dissolved oxygen as indicators for river water classification and urban impact assessment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10661-006-9505-1
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Khan, Siddhi Pratap
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kannel, Prakash Raj;Lee, Seockheon;Khan, Siddhi Pratap
验证了水质指标作为水污染的指示器，在评价河流水质时空变化和分类方面的有效性。研究了4个水质指标：WQI（考虑18个水质参数）、WQI（min）和WQI（m）（考虑5个水质参数：温度、pH、DO、EC和TSS）以及WQI（DO）（考虑单个参数DO）。水质指数WQI（min）、WQI（m）和WQI（DO）可能对发展中国家特别有意义，因为所涉分析费用最低。作为一个案例研究，水质指数被用来评估的空间和时间变化的水质在巴格马蒂河流域（尼泊尔）的研究期间1999-2003。结果使我们能够确定城市活动对河流水质的严重负面影响。在研究的一段河流，水质指数（WQI）为71个单位（分类为良好）在入口站和47.6个单位（分类为坏）在出口站。在研究期间，在农村地区观察到水质显著下降（平均WQI下降= 11.6%，p=0.042）。对比分析表明，城市水质明显差于农村。通过分析，将水质监测站分为三类：良好水质、中等水质和不良水质。WQI（min）导致水质高估，但与WQI具有相似的趋势，可用于定期例行监测计划。将WQI与WQI（min）和DO进行相关分析，得到了两个新的指标WQI（m）和WQI（DO）。基于WQI（m）和WQI（DO）的沃茨分类分别在90%和93%的样本中一致。
The usefulness of water quality indices, as the indicators of water pollution, for assessment of spatial-temporal changes and classification of river water qualities was verified. Four water quality indices were investigated: WQI (considering 18 water quality parameters), WQI(min) and WQI(m) (considering five water quality parameters: temperature, pH, DO, EC and TSS) and WQI(DO) (considering a single parameter, DO). The water quality indices WQI(min), WQI(m) and WQI(DO) could be of particular interest for the developing countries because of the minimum analytical cost involved. As a case study, water quality indices were used to evaluate spatial and temporal changes of the water quality in the Bagmati river basin (Nepal) for the study period 1999-2003. The results allowed us to determine the serious negative effects of the city urban activity on the river water quality. In the studied section of the river, the water quality index (WQI) was 71 units (classified as good) at the entry station and 47.6 units (classified as bad) at the outlet station. For the studied period, a significant decrease in water quality (mean WQI decrease=11.6%, p=0.042) was observed in the rural areas. A comparative analysis revealed that the urban water quality was significantly bad as compared with rural. The analysis enabled to classify the water quality stations into three groups: good water quality, medium water quality and bad water quality. WQI(min) resulted in overestimation of the water quality but with similar trend as with WQI and is useful for the periodic routine monitoring program. The correlation of WQI with WQI(min) and DO resulted two new indices WQI(m) and WQI(DO), respectively. The classification of waters based on WQI(m) and WQI(DO) coincided in 90 and 93% of the samples, respectively.