Occupational disease trends in black South African gold miners - An autopsy-based study
Occupational disease trends in black South African gold miners - An autopsy-based study
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564121
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发表时间：
1996-02-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Reid, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray, J;Kielkowski, D;Reid, P
研究了1975年至1991年非自然原因死亡的南非黑人金矿工人矽肺病和肺结核患病率的变化。该研究分析了16454名黑金矿工的数据。收集了死亡年龄、服务年限、尸检年份以及矽肺病和肺结核患病率等信息。进行了分析，以评估结核病和矽肺患病率的长期趋势，并确定死亡时疾病的预测因素。结核病的患病率从1975年的0.9%上升到1991年的3.9%。矽肺患病率由9.3%上升至12.8%。这两种疾病的发病率随着年龄和服役时间的增加而增加。矽肺是肺结核最显著的预测因子（优势比[OR] = 1.78，置信限[CL] = 1.27 ~ 2.30）。在对模型中的其他变量（如年龄和服务时间）进行调整后，对于尸检年份而言，结核病的显著趋势仍然存在（p = 0.0046）。鉴于目前南非矿山的劳动力稳定，可以预期肺结核和矽肺病的患病率将进一步增加。降低矿井粉尘水平是防止疾病负担增加的迫切需要。
The change in prevalence in silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis in black South African gold miners dying from unnatural causes from 1975 to 1991 was studied. Data were analyzed for 16,454 black gold miners. Information on age at death, duration of service, year of autopsy examination, and the prevalence of silicosis and tuberculosis was collected. Analyses were done to assess secular trends in the prevalence of tuberculosis and silicosis, and to determine predictors of the diseases at death. The prevalence of tuberculosis increased from 0.9% in 1975 to 3.9% in 1991. The prevalence of silicosis increased from 9.3% to 12.8%. The prevalence of both diseases increased with age and duration of service. Silicosis was the most significant predictor of tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.78, confidence limits [CL] = 1.27 to 2.30). A significant trend for tuberculosis, for year of autopsy, remained after adjustment for the other variables in the model, such as age and duration of service (p = 0.0046). In view of current labor stabilization in the South African mines, one can expect further increases in the prevalence of tuberculosis and silicosis. Lowering of dust levels in the mines is urgently required to prevent the increase of disease burden.