Patterns of Kratom use and health impact in the US-Results from an online survey
Patterns of Kratom use and health impact in the US-Results from an online survey
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.007
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Grundmann, Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grundmann, Oliver
背景：Kratom制剂已经引起了美国公众健康和安全的关注。调查到人口统计学，Kratom的感知有益和有害影响以及常见的剂量和其使用的目的是重要的，以正确评估其潜在的健康影响.Methods：一个匿名的横断面在线调查进行了十月2016 10，000当前Kratom用户通过可用的社交媒体和在线资源从美国Kratom协会.共有8049受访者完成了调查.结果：Kratom主要用于中年（31-50岁），中等收入（$35，000及以上）人口用于自我治疗疼痛的目的（68%）和情绪或精神状况（66%）. Kratom制剂呈现剂量依赖性效应与负面影响，这主要是胃肠道相关的，包括恶心和便秘，主要呈现在高（5克或更多/剂量）和更频繁（22或更多剂量/周）dosing.Conclusions：Kratom显示剂量依赖性阿片样作用提供自我报告的感知有益效果，在减轻疼痛和缓解情绪障碍。Kratom主要用于自我治疗疼痛，情绪障碍和与处方阿片类药物使用相关的戒断症状。
Background: Kratom preparations have raised concerns of public health and safety in the US. Investigation into the demographics, perceived beneficial and detrimental effects of Kratom as well as common doses and purposes of its use are important to properly evaluate its potential health impact.Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional online survey was conducted in October 2016 of 10,000 current Kratom users through available social media and online resources from the American Kratom Association. A total of 8049 respondents completed the survey.Results: Kratom is primarily used by a middle-aged (31-50 years), middle-income ($35,000 and above) population for purposes of self-treating pain (68%) and emotional or mental conditions (66%). Kratom preparations present with a dose-dependent effect with negative effects, which were primarily gastrointestinal related including nausea and constipation, mainly presenting at high (5 g or more/dose) and more frequent (22 or more doses/week) dosing.Conclusions: Kratom shows a dose-dependent opioid-like effect providing self-reported perceived beneficial effects in alleviating pain and relieving mood disorders. Kratom was primarily used for self-treatment of pain, mood disorders, and withdrawal symptoms associated with prescription opioid use.