An extremely energetic supernova from a very massive star in a dense medium
An extremely energetic supernova from a very massive star in a dense medium
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DOI：
10.1038/s41550-020-1066-7
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发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
14.1
通讯作者：
M. Nicholl;P. Blanchard;E. Berger;R. Chornock;R. Margutti;S. Gomez;R. Lunnan;Adam A. Miller;W. Fong;G. Terreran;A. Vigna-Gómez;K. Bhirombhakdi;A. Bieryla;P. Challis;R. Laher;F. Masci;K. Paterson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Nicholl;P. Blanchard;E. Berger;R. Chornock;R. Margutti;S. Gomez;R. Lunnan;Adam A. Miller;W. Fong;G. Terreran;A. Vigna-Gómez;K. Bhirombhakdi;A. Bieryla;P. Challis;R. Laher;F. Masci;K. Paterson
超新星与星周介质(CSM)的相互作用可以通过将动能转化为热能来显著增加发射光度。在IIn类型的超新星中--以其光谱中窄的氢线命名--积分辐射可以达到~1051erg，这可以通过对传统超新星的大部分动能进行热化而实现。活动星系中心的一些瞬变显示出类似的光谱，甚至更大的能量，但很难与超大质量黑洞的吸积区分开来。在这里，我们展示了一个新的事件，SN2016aps，它偏离了一个低质量星系的中心，辐射了≳5 × 1051erg，需要一次超高能超新星爆炸。我们发现超新星抛射 + 的总质量可能超过50−100m⊙，能量≳为1052erg，这与理论上预言的氦核50m⊙热核爆炸的一些对不稳定超新星或脉动对不稳定超新星的模型一致。与爆炸机制无关，这一事件证明了极高能量恒星爆炸的存在，在非常高的红移下可以探测到，并提供了对最大质量恒星中致密的CSM形成的洞察。
The interaction of a supernova with a circumstellar medium (CSM) can dramatically increase the emitted luminosity by converting kinetic energy to thermal energy. In ‘superluminous’ supernovae of type IIn—named for narrow hydrogen lines in their spectra—the integrated emission can reach, , , –~1051erg, attainable by thermalizing most of the kinetic energy of a conventional supernova. A few transients in the centres of active galaxies have shown similar spectra and even larger energies,, but are difficult to distinguish from accretion onto the supermassive black hole. Here we present a new event, SN2016aps, offset from the centre of a low-mass galaxy, that radiated ≳5 × 1051erg, necessitating a hyper-energetic supernova explosion. We find a total (supernova ejecta + CSM) mass likely exceeding 50−100M⊙, with energy ≳1052erg, consistent with some models of pair-instability supernovae or pulsational pair-instability supernovae—theoretically predicted thermonuclear explosions from helium cores >50M⊙. Independent of the explosion mechanism, this event demonstrates the existence of extremely energetic stellar explosions, detectable at very high redshifts, and provides insight into dense CSM formation in the most massive stars.