A FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATION OF CRANIAL KINESIS IN LIZARDS
A FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATION OF CRANIAL KINESIS IN LIZARDS
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DOI：
10.1002/jmor.1051110306
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发表时间：
1962-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
FRAZZETTA, TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FRAZZETTA, TH
颅运动术语已部分修订如下： “中运动”是指额骨和顶骨之间的可移动关节；位于眼眶前面的关节被称为“促动力关节”。术语“单运动”是指具有单个运动关节的头骨。除了少数例外，蜥蜴物种的头骨是两运动的，关节处于中运动和偏运动位置。选取印度巨蜥作为代表类型。肌肉在产生运动中的作用是通过电刺激研究、解剖解剖和进食过程中颅骨运动的观察推断出来的。上颌机构可能会“延长”，其中方骨向前摆动，顶骨在运动关节处向下倾斜，额骨在中运动关节处向上倾斜，并且上颌的含齿骨抬起。当“缩回”时，会发生相反的运动。主要的牵拉器是内收肌，它也抬高下颌骨。运动的适应性意义在于上颌向下移动猎物而下颌升高的能力。
The terminology of cranial kinesis has been partially revised as follows "mesokinesis" refers to a movable joint between frontal and parietal bones; a joint lying anterior to the orbits is designated as "prokinetic." The term "monokinesis" designates a skull with a single kinetic joint. With few exceptions the skulls of lizard species are amphikinetic with joints in the meso- and metakinetic positions. Varanus indicus was selected as a representative type. The role of muscles in producing movement was inferred from electrical stimulation studies, anatomical dissections and observations on cranial movements during feeding. The upper jaw mechanism may be "protracted" where the quadrate is swung forward, the parietal is tilted downward at the metakinetic joint, the frontal tilted upward at the mesokinetic joint and the dentigerous bones of the upper jaws raised. When "retracted", the opposite movements occur. The chief retractors are the adductor muscles which also raise the mandibles. The adaptive significance of kinesis is the ability of the upper jaws to move down on prey, while the lower jaws are elevated.