Doing Distinctions
Doing Distinctions
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做事有区别
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Burri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Burri
新成像技术引发的放射学变革可以理解为技术和人类行为者“做出区分”的实例。本文结合了分析框架的Gieryn和Bourdieu理解所产生的医疗实施的可视化设备，如磁共振成像（MRI）的重新配置。它研究了放射科医生对这些转变的反应，这些转变迫使他们重新谈判视觉专业知识，并重建他们的专业和学科身份。本文认为，影像实践是一种边界工作和区分的实践，旨在重新获得专业权威，积累专业领域内的符号资本。因此，边界工作和区分实践是提高专业声望和行为者在科学或医院社区中的个人地位的手段。本文进一步认为，可视化机器和图像不仅用于诊断和研究目的，而且也是在边界工作和区分实践中部署的物质和认识资源。技术和图片是展示专业技能和权力的工具，可以提高个人声誉，重新谈判身份。在欧洲和美国的几个放射科和MRI中心的访谈，文件和实地考察，本文重建过程中的“做区别”有关的MRI和其他成像技术在医学上的实施。它探讨了放射科医生和其他医学专家的身份和积累策略，通过检查他们的边界工作和区别的做法，这是集中在物质，社会和认识资源，和边界。
The transformations in radiology induced by new imaging technology can be understood as instances of `doing distinctions' by both technology and human actors. This paper combines the analytical frameworks of Gieryn and Bourdieu to understand the reconfigurations engendered by the medical implementation of visualization apparatuses such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It examines the reactions of radiologists to these transformations, which forced them to renegotiate visual expertise and to reconstitute their professional and disciplinary identity. The paper argues that imaging practices are practices of boundary work and distinction, aimed at regaining professional authority and accumulating symbolic capital within the professional field. Boundary work and distinction practices are thus means to improve both the prestige of the profession and the actors' individual status within the scientific or hospital community. The paper further argues that visualization machines and images are not exclusively used for diagnostic and research purposes but are also material and epistemic resources that are deployed in practices of boundary work and distinction. Technology and pictures serve as tools to demonstrate professional skills and power, to increase one's reputation, and to renegotiate identity. Drawing on interviews, documents and fieldwork in several radiology departments and MRI centres in Europe and the USA, the paper reconstructs processes of `doing distinctions' related to the implementation of MRI and other imaging technologies in medicine. It explores the identity and accumulation strategies of radiologists and other medical specialists through an examination of their boundary work and distinction practices, which are focused on material, social and epistemic resources, and boundaries.