Perisylvian language networks of the human brain
Perisylvian language networks of the human brain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ana.20319
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Ffytche, DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catani, M;Jones, DK;Ffytche, DH
早期的基于解剖学的语言模型由连接布罗卡的语言和韦尼克的理解中心的弓形束组成；该束的损伤导致传导性失语。然而，传导性失语的不同临床表现表明，与经典解剖学模型相比，坐骨神经周围解剖连接的复杂性更大。本文使用体内弥散张量磁共振成像技术重新探讨智齿周语言的连通性。对11名右利手健康男性受试者的扩散张量磁共振成像数据进行了平均，并利用交互解剖技术重建了左侧大脑半球的弓形束。除了直接连接Broca区和Wernicke区的经典弧形通路外，我们还展示了一条先前未描述的间接途径，穿过顶下皮层。间接入路平行于经典的弓形束，由连接Broca区和顶下叶的前段和连接顶下叶和Wernicke区的后段组成。这种两条平行通路的模型有助于解释传导性失语的不同临床表现。这些解剖学发现也与语言的进化有关，为利希特海姆基于症状的失语症神经学模型提供了一个框架，并从解剖学角度约束了当代连接主义对语言的描述。
Early anatomically based models of language consisted of an arcuate tract connecting Broca's speech and Wernicke's comprehension centers; a lesion of the tract resulted in conduction aphasia. However, the heterogeneous clinical presentations of conduction aphasia suggest a greater complexity of perisylvian anatomical connections than allowed for in the classical anatomical model. This article re-explores perisylvian language connectivity using in vivo diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging data from 11 right-handed healthy male subjects were averaged, and the arcuate fasciculus of the left hemisphere reconstructed from this data using an interactive dissection technique. Beyond the classical arcuate pathway connecting Broca's and Wernicke's areas directly, we show a previously undescribed, indirect pathway passing through inferior parietal cortex. The indirect pathway runs parallel and lateral to the classical arcuate fasciculus and is composed of an anterior segment connecting Broca's territory with the inferior parietal lobe and a posterior segment connecting the inferior parietal lobe to Wernicke's territory. This model of two parallel pathways helps explain the diverse clinical presentations of conduction aphasia. The anatomical findings are also relevant to the evolution of language, provide a framework for Lichtheim's symptom-based neurological model of aphasia, and constrain, anatomically, contemporary connectionist accounts of language.