Externalism and Armchair Knowledge
Externalism and Armchair Knowledge
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外在主义和纸上谈兵的知识
DOI：
10.1093/0199241279.003.0016
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Davies
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Davies
1. 在堪培拉的夏日午后，炙热的太阳反射在伯利格里芬湖上，湖水闪闪发光。在大学后面的植物园里，瀑布般的水流有助于保持雨林沟壑的湿度。这些只是凯莉对水的一些想法，她对水的想法。在Kylie的许多其他想法中，涉及到水的概念包括：湖中有水，树木没有水就会死亡，水是液体，当然，水是湿的。当Kylie有意识地思考时，以一种占据她注意力的方式，她能够知道她在想什么关于水的想法和其他任何想法都是如此。所以当Kylie有意识地认为水是湿的，她知道，即使在她思考的时候，她也在认为水是湿的。凯莉是学哲学的学生。她研究了许多论点，这些论点旨在表明，为了思考，水是闪烁的，或者瀑布状的，或者是湿的，为了思考
1. Kylie’s Puzzle On summer afternoons in Canberra, the baking sun reflects off Lake Burley Griffin, and the water shimmers. Up behind the university, in the botanical gardens, a cascading stream of water helps to maintain the humidity of the rainforest gully. These are just a couple of Kylie’s thoughts on the subject of water, her water thoughts. Amongst Kylie’s many other thoughts that involve the concept of water are these: that there is water in the lake, that trees die without water, that water is a liquid and, of course, that water is wet. When Kylie thinks consciously, in a way that occupies her attention, she is able to know what it is that she is thinking.3 This is true for thoughts about water, as for any other thoughts. So when Kylie thinks consciously that water is wet, she knows, even as she thinks, that she is thinking that water is wet. Kylie is a student of philosophy. She has studied many arguments that purport to show that, in order to think that water shimmers, or cascades, or is wet, in order to think