Aharonov-Bohm defects
Aharonov-Bohm defects
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.101.085002
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
C. Chatterjee;M. Nitta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Chatterjee;M. Nitta
我们讨论了当接收Aharonov-Bohm （AB）相位的场产生真空期望值（VEV）时会发生什么，并以一个Alice弦在$U(1) \乘以SU(2)$规范理论中与复三重态标量场耦合的例子。我们引入了属于$SU(2)$的双重态表示的标量场，在$U(1)$规范对称下有电荷或无电荷，它在Alice弦周围接收AB相位。当双重态发展为VEV时，根据双重态和三重态之间的相对相位，在没有相互作用的情况下，Alice弦变成了一个全局弦，而在存在这种相互作用的情况下，Alice弦被一个孤子或域壁所限制，因此伴随着弦周围空间旋转的自发断裂。我们把这种由AB相诱发的对象称为“AB缺陷”，并认为这种现象在各种系统中普遍存在。
We discuss what happens when a field receiving an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phase develops a vacuum expectation value (VEV), with an example of an Alice string in a $U(1) \times SU(2)$ gauge theory coupled with complex triplet scalar fields. We introduce scalar fields belonging to the doublet representation of $SU(2)$, charged or chargeless under the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, that receives an AB phase around the Alice string. When the doublet develops a VEV, the Alice string turns to a global string in the absence of the interaction depending on the relative phase between the doublet and triplet, while, in the presence of such an interaction, the Alice string is confined by a soliton or domain wall and therefore the spontaneous breaking of a spatial rotation around the string is accompanied. We call such an object induced by an AB phase as an ``AB defect'', and argue that such a phenomenon is ubiquitously appearing in various systems.