Fetal gender and gestational-age-related incidence of pre-eclampsia
Fetal gender and gestational-age-related incidence of pre-eclampsia
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DOI：
10.1080/00016340600578274
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Hellstrom-Westas, Lena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elsmen, Emma;Kallen, Karin;Hellstrom-Westas, Lena
背景男性胎儿性别与先兆子痫的总体风险增加相关。然而，最近的研究表明，在与早产相关的先兆子痫中，男性：女性出生比例降低。这种差异的原因尚不清楚。Objective.研究胎儿和新生儿性别是否与产前母亲妊娠并发症的发生率相关，并研究性别相关风险是否随分娩时胎龄而变化。方法.基于人群的研究包括1990-2001年在瑞典出生的1，158，276名婴儿。探讨了5个母亲诊断组（先兆子痫、感染、早产胎膜早破、胎盘早剥和羊水过多）与新生儿性别和分娩时胎龄的关系。结果当评估所有胎龄时，所有五个诊断组的男性新生儿性别与增加的比值比相关，对于妊娠37周之前的早产，M/F比为1.17。在极早产（胎龄低于32周）中，男性新生儿性别与先兆子痫风险显著降低（OR 0.88，95% CI 0.80-0.97）和羊水过多风险略微降低（OR 0.74，95% CI 0.54-1.01）相关。结论胎儿性别似乎影响先兆子痫的发生，也可能影响羊水过多。这一发现可能是由于男性胎儿的自然流产风险增加，但也可能与这些疾病的病因有关。从胎儿/新生儿性别角度评价产前妊娠并发症可能有助于对其病理生理机制的新见解。
Background. Male fetal gender is associated with an overall increased risk of pre-eclampsia. However, it was recently shown that the male: female birth ratio was decreased in pre-eclampsia associated with preterm delivery. The reason for this discrepancy is not known. Objective. To investigate whether the fetal and newborn gender is associated with the incidence of antenatal maternal pregnancy complications, and to investigate if gender-associated risk changes with gestational age at delivery. Methods. Population-based study including 1,158,276 infants born in Sweden 1990-2001. Five maternal diagnosis groups (pre-eclampsia, infection, preterm premature rupture of membranes, abruptio placentae, and polyhydramnios) were explored in relation to newborn infant gender and gestational age at delivery. Results. When all gestational ages were evaluated, male newborn gender was associated with increased odds ratios for all five diagnosis groups, and for preterm birth before 37 weeks gestation, M/F ratio 1.17. In very preterm births (gestational age below 32 weeks), male newborn gender was associated with a significantly lower risk for pre-eclampsia (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.97), and a marginally lower risk for polyhydramnios (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.54-1.01). Conclusion. The fetal gender seems to affect the occurrence of pre-eclampsia, and possibly also polyhydramnios. The finding could be due to an increased risk for spontaneous abortions in pregnancies with male fetuses, but could also be associated with the etiology of these conditions. Evaluation of antenatal pregnancy complications from a fetal/newborn gender perspective may contribute to new insights regarding their pathophysiological mechanisms.