Mast cells in type 2 skin inflammation: Maintenance and function
Mast cells in type 2 skin inflammation: Maintenance and function
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DOI：
10.1002/eji.202250359
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Y. Keith;G. Egawa;T. Honda;K. Kabashima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Keith;G. Egawa;T. Honda;K. Kabashima
肥大细胞(Mast cell，MC)是一种存在于组织中的免疫细胞，在维持体内平衡和炎症状态方面发挥着不可或缺的作用。与特应性皮炎(AD)和2型皮肤炎相关的皮肤病变显示MC增加，MC既有促炎作用，也有抗炎作用。金黄色葡萄球菌等环境因素对皮肤MCs的直接和间接激活可引发AD患者的2型皮肤炎，但其机制尚不清楚。此外，依赖于IgE和非依赖于IgE的MC脱颗粒均可导致AD的瘙痒。相反，MC通过在脾中分泌IL-2来促进Treg的扩张，从而抑制II型皮肤炎症。此外，皮肤MCs可以上调参与皮肤屏障功能的基因表达，从而减轻AD样炎症。AD中MC的这些功能差异可能源于实验系统、它们的定位和起源的不同。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍MCs如何在动态平衡和炎症条件下维持在皮肤中，以及它们如何参与2型皮肤炎的发病机制。
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells residing in tissues and playing indispensable roles in maintaining homeostasis and inflammatory states. Skin lesions associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) and type 2 skin inflammation display an increment in MCs, which have both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. The direct and indirect activations of skin MCs by environmental factors such as Staphylococcus aureus can instigate type 2 skin inflammation in AD with poorly understood mechanisms. Furthermore, both IgE‐dependent and ‐independent degranulation of MCs contribute to pruritus in AD. Conversely, MCs suppress type 2 skin inflammation by promoting Treg expansion through IL‐2 secretion in the spleen. Moreover, skin MCs can upregulate gene expression involved in skin barrier function, thus mitigating AD‐like inflammation. These functional variances of MCs in AD could stem from differences in experimental systems, their localization, and origins. In this review, we will focus on how MCs are maintained in the skin under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, and how they are involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 skin inflammation.