Measuring the Incentive to Collude: The Vitamin Cartels, 1990–99
Measuring the Incentive to Collude: The Vitamin Cartels, 1990–99
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衡量碰撞的动机:维生素卡特尔,1990-99
DOI:
10.1093/restud/rdab052
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Takuo Sugaya
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mitsuru Igami;Takuo Sugaya
Do mergers help or hinder collusion? This article studies the stability of the vitamin cartels in the 1990s and presents a repeated-games approach to quantify “coordinated effects” of a merger. We use data and direct evidence from American courts and European agencies to show the collusive incentive of the short-lived vitamin C cartel was likely to be negative when it actually collapsed in 1995, whereas the incentives of the long-lived cartels (vitamins A and E, and beta carotene) were unambiguously positive until the prosecution in 1999. Simulations suggest some mergers could have prolonged the vitamin C cartel, but others could have further destabilized it, because both the direction and magnitude of coordinated effects depend not only on the number of firms but also on their cost asymmetry.
DOI:
10.1257/000282806776157713
发表时间:
2006
期刊:
The American Economic Review
影响因子:
--
作者:
Röller;Lars-Hendrik;Frode Steen
通讯作者:
Frode Steen