Measuring the Incentive to Collude: The Vitamin Cartels, 1990–99

Measuring the Incentive to Collude: The Vitamin Cartels, 1990–99
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衡量碰撞的动机:维生素卡特尔,1990-99

DOI:
10.1093/restud/rdab052
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The Review of Economic Studies
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Takuo Sugaya
Takuo Sugaya
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mitsuru Igami;Takuo Sugaya

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合并是帮助还是阻碍勾结?本文研究了20世纪90年代维生素卡特尔的稳定性,并提出了一个重复博弈的方法来量化合并的“协调效应”。我们使用来自美国法院和欧洲机构的数据和直接证据来表明,短命的维生素C卡特尔在1995年实际崩溃时,其合谋动机可能是负面的,而长寿卡特尔(维生素A和E以及β-胡萝卜素)的动机在1999年起诉之前是明确的积极因素。模拟表明,一些合并可能延长了维生素C卡特尔,但其他合并可能进一步破坏了它的稳定,因为协调效应的方向和程度不仅取决于公司的数量,而且取决于它们的成本不对称性。
Do mergers help or hinder collusion? This article studies the stability of the vitamin cartels in the 1990s and presents a repeated-games approach to quantify “coordinated effects” of a merger. We use data and direct evidence from American courts and European agencies to show the collusive incentive of the short-lived vitamin C cartel was likely to be negative when it actually collapsed in 1995, whereas the incentives of the long-lived cartels (vitamins A and E, and beta carotene) were unambiguously positive until the prosecution in 1999. Simulations suggest some mergers could have prolonged the vitamin C cartel, but others could have further destabilized it, because both the direction and magnitude of coordinated effects depend not only on the number of firms but also on their cost asymmetry.
关于卡特尔的运作:来自挪威水泥行业的证据 â
DOI: 10.1257/000282806776157713
发表时间: 2006
期刊: The American Economic Review
影响因子: --
作者:
Röller;Lars-Hendrik;Frode Steen
通讯作者: Frode Steen