Environmental Health and Long Non-coding RNAs.
Environmental Health and Long Non-coding RNAs.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40572-016-0092-1
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Baccarelli AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karlsson O;Baccarelli AA
个人罹患常见疾病的风险通常取决于遗传和环境因素的相互作用。表观遗传学研究揭示了饮食、空气污染和化学暴露等环境因素可以影响我们基因的新方法。DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰是最常研究的表观遗传机制。最近，长非编码RNA(LncRNAs)在表观遗传过程中的作用得到了重视。LncRNAs被定义为长度大于200个核苷酸的转录RNA分子，几乎没有蛋白质编码能力。到目前为止，很少有功能性的lncRNA被很好地描述，但它们已经被证明在各个水平上控制基因调节，包括通过调节染色质结构的转录基因沉默和DNA甲基化。本综述旨在提供对LncRNA功能的概述，重点介绍它们作为健康和疾病的关键调节因子以及环境暴露的生物标志物的作用。
An individual’s risk of developing a common disease typically depends on an interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic research is uncovering novel ways through which environmental factors such as diet, air pollution, and chemical exposure can affect our genes. DNA methylation and histone modifications are the most commonly studied epigenetic mechanisms. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in epigenetic processes has been more recently highlighted. LncRNAs are defined as transcribed RNA molecules greater than 200 nucleotides in length with little or no protein-coding capability. While few functional lncRNAs have been well characterized to date, they have been demonstrated to control gene regulation at every level, including transcriptional gene silencing via regulation of the chromatin structure, and DNA methylation. This review aims to provide a general overview of lncRNA function with a focus on their role as key regulators of health and disease, and as biomarkers of environmental exposure.