Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates
Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.109.015301
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发表时间：
2012-07-02
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Machida, Kazushige
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawakami, Takuto;Mizushima, Takeshi;Machida, Kazushige
我们证明了三维Skyrmion，这一直是难以捉摸的，迄今为止，自发地出现SU（2）对称玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚与非阿贝尔规范场耦合的基态。规范场是Rashba自旋轨道耦合的三维模拟。在将SO（3）对称规范场压缩成一维或二维形状后，我们发现基态连续地经历了从三维到一维或二维Skyrmion的变化，这可以通过估计缠绕数和螺旋度来确定。所有出现的Skyrmions都可以用统一的螺旋调制概念在物理上理解。这些拓扑对象可能在实验上可以在双分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中实现。
We demonstrate that the three-dimensional Skyrmion, which has remained elusive so far, spontaneously appears as the ground state of SU(2) symmetric Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with a non-Abelian gauge field. The gauge field is a three-dimensional analogue of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Upon squashing the SO(3) symmetric gauge field to one-or two-dimensional shapes, we find that the ground state continuously undergoes a change from a three-dimensional to a one-or two-dimensional Skyrmion, which is identified by estimating winding numbers and helicity. All of the emerged Skyrmions are physically understandable with the concept of the helical modulation in a unified way. These topological objects might potentially be realizable in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates experimentally.