New archaeobotanical evidence reveals synchronous rice domestication 7600 years ago on south Hangzhou Bay coast, eastern China
New archaeobotanical evidence reveals synchronous rice domestication 7600 years ago on south Hangzhou Bay coast, eastern China
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新的考古植物学证据揭示了7600年前中国东部杭州湾南岸的同步水稻驯化
DOI：
10.1016/j.ancene.2021.100280
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发表时间：
2021-02-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sun, Qianli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng, Lanjie;Liu, Yan;Sun, Qianli
中国东部的南杭州湾在追溯古代中国时期水稻和水稻文化的起源和传播方面占有重要地位。现有文献表明，早期沿海水稻驯化大约在8000-7400年前出现在湾顶的夸湖桥地区，但没有确凿的证据表明该地区其他任何地方都有同步驯化。本文提出了瑶江流域早稻驯化的新的考古植物学和地质学证据，取自井头山遗址附近的一个测年准确的沉积物岩芯。井头山遗址是东部沿海中国发现的最早的贝丘。植硅体结合其他微化石证据，阐明了杭州湾南部水稻驯化的时间和条件。人类显然在8200-7800年前开始占据遗址区域，大约在公元7600年后水稻被驯化，木炭和带有鱼鳞装饰的泡状植硅石的出现揭示了这一点。受海洋影响的环境转变为淡化的湿地环境，将鼓励早期到达的人尝试驯化水稻。7600年前，人们开始在海湾驯化水稻，但人类的生存依赖于狩猎和采集，直到河姆渡占领后期(约7000-5000卡尔·BP)，随着人口的扩张，水稻种植变得普遍。这一新证据为杭州湾南部早、中全新世早期早稻的同步驯化提供了新的证据。它记录了快湖桥和河姆渡文化之间水稻种植的轨迹，对于理解中国沿海地区复杂的水稻传播和驯化过程具有重要意义。(C)2021年爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
South Hangzhou Bay in eastern China occupies an important position in tracing the origins and dispersal of rice and rice cultures in ancient China. Existing literature suggests that early coastal rice domestication emerged ca. 8000-7400 years ago in the Kuahuqiao area, at the apex of the Bay, but no solid evidence implies a simultaneous domestication at any other places in this region. This paper presents new archaeobotanical and geological evidence of early rice domestication in the Yaojiang Valley from a well dated sediment core retrieved near the Jingtoushan site, the earliest shell mound discovered in eastern coastal China. Phytolith combined with other microfossil evidence elucidated when and under what circumstance rice domestication became available in South Hangzhou Bay. Humans apparently started to occupy the site area 8200-7800 years ago, with rice domestication after ca. 7600 cal yr BP revealed by the emergence of charcoal and bulliform phytoliths with > 9 fish-scale decorations. A marine-influenced setting transformed to a desalinized wetland environment would have encouraged the early arrivals to attempt rice domestication. Rice domestication became available in the Bay 7600 years ago, but human subsistence relied on hunting and gathering until rice farming became widespread during the later Hemudu occupation (ca. 7000-5000 cal yr BP) along with demographic expansion. This new evidence sheds light on the synchronous early rice domestication around South Hangzhou Bay in the early mid Holocene. It documents the trajectory of rice farming between the Kuahuqiao and Hemudu Cultures with implications for understanding the complex rice dispersal and domestication process in coastal regions of China. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.