High-density lipoproteins for therapeutic delivery systems
High-density lipoproteins for therapeutic delivery systems
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DOI：
10.1039/c5tb01332a
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Thaxton, C. Shad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mutharasan, R. Kannan;Foit, Linda;Thaxton, C. Shad
高密度脂蛋白(高密度脂蛋白)是一类存在于血液中的天然纳米结构，由脂质、蛋白质和核酸(如microRNA)组成。它们的大小似乎非常适合于组织渗透/保留以及有效载荷传递，长的循环半衰期，避免内吞隔离，以及潜在的低毒性，都是在药物输送载体中建模的优良特性。在这篇综述中，我们考虑高密度脂蛋白作为治疗性递送系统。首先，我们讨论了天然高密度脂蛋白的结构和功能，详细描述了它的生物发生以及从不成熟的盘状形态到更成熟的球形形态的转变。接下来，我们考虑高密度脂蛋白的特性，使其适合药物输送。然后，我们描述了使用天然高密度脂蛋白、盘状高密度脂蛋白类似物和球形高密度脂蛋白类似物来输送各种类型的药物，包括小分子、脂质和寡核苷酸。我们简要地考虑了药物输送载体本身具有治疗性的概念，它们构成了展示“疗效”的实体。最后，我们讨论了该领域的挑战和未来的发展方向。
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are a class of natural nanostructures found in the blood and are composed of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (e.g. microRNA). Their size, which appears to be well-suited for both tissue penetration/retention as well as payload delivery, long circulation half-life, avoidance of endosomal sequestration, and potential low toxicity are all excellent properties to model in a drug delivery vehicle. In this review, we consider high-density lipoproteins for therapeutic delivery systems. First we discuss the structure and function of natural HDL, describing in detail its biogenesis and transformation from immature, discoidal forms, to more mature, spherical forms. Next we consider features of HDL making them suitable vehicles for drug delivery. We then describe the use of natural HDL, discoidal HDL analogs, and spherical HDL analogs to deliver various classes of drugs, including small molecules, lipids, and oligonucleotides. We briefly consider the notion that the drug delivery vehicles themselves are therapeutic, constituting entities that exhibit "theralivery.'' Finally, we discuss challenges and future directions in the field.