Dust depletion of Ca and Ti in QSO absorption line systems

Dust depletion of Ca and Ti in QSO absorption line systems
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QSO 吸收线系统中 Ca 和 Ti 的粉尘去除

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201628466
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
arXiv: Astrophysics of Galaxies
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Richter P.
Richter P.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guber C. ;Richter P.

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目的探索钛和钙尘埃耗尽在星系内和周围气体中的作用,方法利用甚大望远镜(VLT)的UVES仪器获得的高分辨光谱,对34个吸收线系统(atz≤ 0.5)进行光谱分析,测量柱密度(或限制)为钙ii和钛ii。我们补充我们的UVES数据集与以前发表的吸收线数据的Ti/Ca的红移高达z ~ 3.8。我们的减振器样本包含110个减振器,包括阻尼莱曼α系统(DLAs),子DLAs和莱曼极限系统(LLS)。我们比较我们的Ti/Ca的研究结果与银河系和麦哲伦云的结果,并讨论类星体吸收线systems.ResultsOur分析的一般背景下的Ti/Ca吸收剂的性质表明,有两个不同的人口的吸收剂与高或低的Ti/Ca比分离在[Ti/Ca]<$1。虽然在大多数吸收器中的钙粉尘消耗似乎是严重的,但在具有高Ti/Ca比的系统中,钛消耗是温和的。导出的趋势表明,具有高Ti/Ca比的吸收体具有比银河系中低得多的尘气比。我们通过将Ti/Ca与其他可观测量(例如,metallicity,速度成分结构),并通过建模的电离特性的单电离Ca和Ti在不同的environments.ConclusionsWe得出结论,Ca二和Ti二轴承吸收线系统跟踪主要是中性气体的磁盘和内晕区的星系,其中丰富的Ca和Ti反映了当地的金属和尘埃含量的气体。我们的研究表明,Ti/Ca比代表了干预吸收线系统中气尘比和总体金属含量的有用衡量标准。
AimsTo explore the role of titanium- and calcium-dust depletion in gas in and around galaxies, we systematically study Ti/Ca abundance ratios in intervening absorption-line systems at low and high redshift.MethodsWe investigate high-resolution optical spectra obtained by the UVES instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) and spectroscopically analyze 34 absorption-line systems atz≤ 0.5 to measure column densities (or limits) for Ca ii and Ti ii. We complement our UVES data set with previously published absorption-line data on Ti/Ca for redshifts up toz~ 3.8. Our absorber sample contains 110 absorbers including damped Lymanαsystems (DLAs), sub-DLAs, and Lyman-Limit systems (LLS). We compare our Ti/Ca findings with results from the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds and discuss the properties of Ti/Ca absorbers in the general context of quasar absorption-line systems.ResultsOur analysis indicates that there are two distinct populations of absorbers with either high or low Ti/Ca ratios with a separation at [Ti/Ca] ≈ 1. While the calcium-dust depletion in most of the absorbers appears to be severe, the titanium depletions are mild in systems with high Ti/Ca ratios. The derived trend indicates that absorbers with high Ti/Ca ratios have dust-to-gas ratios that are substantially lower than in the Milky Way. We characterize the overall nature of the absorbers by correlating Ti/Ca with other observables (e.g., metallicity, velocity-component structure) and by modeling the ionization properties of singly-ionized Ca and Ti in different environments.ConclusionsWe conclude that Ca ii and Ti ii bearing absorption-line systems trace predominantly neutral gas in the disks and inner halo regions of galaxies, where the abundance of Ca and Ti reflects the local metal and dust content of the gas. Our study suggests that the Ti/Ca ratio represents a useful measure for the gas-to-dust ratio and overall metallicity in intervening absorption-line systems.
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