Fast Photomultipliers for TOF PET
Fast Photomultipliers for TOF PET
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DOI：
10.1109/tns.2008.2008992
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kapusta, Maciej
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Szczesniak, Tomasz;Moszynski, Marek;Kapusta, Maciej
目前，PET 系统的大多数探测器都基于光电倍增管读取的闪烁体晶体。在我们之前的工作中，展示了使用 10 x 10 x 5 mm(3) LSO 晶体与 Photonis XP20DO 和 Hamamatsu R5320 光电倍增管耦合记录的非常好的时间分辨率。两个探测器的结果几乎相同，接近 170 ps，但光电阴极的量子效率和传输时间抖动等特性却显着不同。 XP20D0具有高QE，测量的光电子数比R5320高40%。 R5320 在 FWHM 时的时间抖动为 140 +/- 7 ps，比 XP20DO 好三倍。事实上，尽管所用 PMT 的参数存在很大差异，但仍实现了可比的时间分辨率，这引发了我们对光电倍增管最重要特性及其对时间和能量分辨率的影响的进一步研究，目标是优化飞行时间 (TOF) PET 系统。通过与Photonis的密切合作，我们在过去几年中收集了大量各类光电倍增管的信息和实验数据。本文的目的是提出从这些多次实验中得出的一般结论和依赖性。这应该有助于为 TOF PET 系统开发基于 PMT 的终极探测器。
Presently, a majority of detectors for PET systems is based on scintillator crystals read by photomultipliers. In our previous work, very good time resolution recorded with a 10 x 10 x 5 mm(3) LSO crystal coupled to Photonis XP20DO and Hamamatsu R5320 photomultipliers was shown. Results were almost identical for both detectors and close to 170 ps but the properties such us quantum efficiency of the photocathode and transit time jitter were significantly different. The XP20D0 possessed high QE and the measured photoelectron number was 40% higher than that of the R5320. The R5320 had the time jitter of 140 +/- 7 ps at FWHM, three times better than that of the XP20DO. The fact, that despite of the large differences in the parameters of the used PMTs comparable time resolution was achieved, triggered our further study of the most important properties of the photomultipliers and their influence on timing and energy resolution, with a goal of optimizing time-of-flight (TOF) PET systems. Thanks to a close cooperation with Photonis, during last few years we gathered large amount of information and experimental data of various types of PMTs. The aim of this paper is to present general conclusions and dependencies that were derived from these multiple experiments. This should help to develop an ultimate, PMT based detector, for TOF PET systems.