Rapid laccolith intrusion driven by explosive volcanic eruption
Rapid laccolith intrusion driven by explosive volcanic eruption
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms13585
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发表时间：
2016-11-23
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Feisel, Yves
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castro, Jonathan M.;Cordonnier, Benoit;Feisel, Yves
岩浆侵入和火山喷发是密切相关的现象。浅层岩浆侵入建造地下水库，这些水库被火山喷发排干。因此，长期以来的观点是，侵入必须先于喷发，并为喷发提供动力。在这里，我们展示了爆炸性喷发也可以引起岩浆侵入。我们提供了2011年智利科登考勒流纹岩喷发期间快速侵位的岩浆岩的描述。遥感显示，一次侵入作用始于喷发开始后，并在1个月内造成了严重的(>；200米)隆起。数字地形模型解析出一个类似于0.8千米(3)的岩浆状物体。变形和管道流动模型表明，岩层深度仅类似于20-200米，超压(类似于1-10兆帕)可能源于管道堵塞。我们的结果表明，爆炸性喷发可能会迅速迫使地壳中大量的岩浆形成熔岩。因此，这些标志性的侵入可以被解释为构成独特的、以前未被认识到的火山危险的喷发特征。
Magmatic intrusions and volcanic eruptions are intimately related phenomena. Shallow magma intrusion builds subsurface reservoirs that are drained by volcanic eruptions. Thus, the long-held view is that intrusions must precede and feed eruptions. Here we show that explosive eruptions can also cause magma intrusion. We provide an account of a rapidly emplaced laccolith during the 2011 rhyolite eruption of Cordon Caulle, Chile. Remote sensing indicates that an intrusion began after eruption onset and caused severe (> 200 m) uplift over 1 month. Digital terrain models resolve a laccolith-shaped body similar to 0.8 km(3). Deformation and conduit flow models indicate laccolith depths of only similar to 20-200m and overpressures (similar to 1-10MPa) that likely stemmed from conduit blockage. Our results show that explosive eruptions may rapidly force significant quantities of magma in the crust to build laccoliths. These iconic intrusions can thus be interpreted as eruptive features that pose unique and previously unrecognized volcanic hazards.