COMPARISON OF THE NOISE ATTENUATION OF 3 AUDIOMETRIC EARPHONES, WITH ADDITIONAL DATA ON MASKING NEAR THRESHOLD
COMPARISON OF THE NOISE ATTENUATION OF 3 AUDIOMETRIC EARPHONES, WITH ADDITIONAL DATA ON MASKING NEAR THRESHOLD
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DOI：
10.1121/1.398699
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发表时间：
1989-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
KILLION, MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BERGER, EH;KILLION, MC
在符合ANSI S12.6-1984的扩散场室中测量了标准耳上测听耳机、广泛使用的耳周-耳上组合耳机和用乙烯基泡沫耳塞密封到耳朵的插入式耳机的噪声排除特性。在非测试耳塞和耳罩的情况下，单耳获得衰减数据。超耳耳机的结果与先前报道的测量结果基本一致。使用标准测听耳机，使用宽带掩蔽噪声直接测试ANSI S3.1-1977允许的背景噪声水平，以测量到测听零点。这种“ANSI噪声”使15名听力正常的受试者在倍频程频率为500至4000 Hz时的平均阈值提高了3至5 dB。对于符合不太严格的OSHA-1983法规的噪声，平均阈值提高了9至17分贝。总体声级为54 dBA的“耳鼻喉科办公室噪音”进一步提高了平均阈值，在500 Hz时高达29 dB。在办公室噪声中使用耳罩系统，在测试的四个倍频程频率下，将阈值升高限制为11、5、2和0 dB。使用完全（“深”）插入的泡沫耳塞，在所有测试频率下，模拟办公室噪声的阈值升高为2 dB或更低。实际阈值海拔同意密切预测的基础上，利用测得的声场噪声水平和测得的耳机衰减值的临界比率计算。
The noise-excluding properties of a standard supra-aural audiometric earphone, a widely used circumaural-supra-aural combination, and an insert earphone sealed to the ear with a vinyl foam eartip were measured in a diffuse-field room complying with ANSI S12.6-1984. Data on attenuation were obtained monaurally with the nontest ear plugged and muffed. Results for the supara-aural earphones generally agreed well with previously reported measurements. A boradband masking noise was used to directly test the ANSI S3.1-1977 permissible background noise levels for measuring to audiometric zero using standard audiometric earphones. This "ANSI noise" raised the average thresholds of 15 normal-heairng test subjects by 3 to 5 dB at the octave frequencies from 500 to 4000 Hz. With a noise conforming to the less stringent OSHA-1983 regulation, average thresholds were elevated 9 to 17 DB. AN "ENT office noise" with an overall sound level of 54 dBA raised average thresholds even further, by as much as 29 dB at 500 Hz. Use of the circumaural system in the office noise limited the threshold elevation to 11, 5, 2, and 0 dB at the four octave frequenices tested. With the fully ("deeply") inserted foam eartips, the threshold elevation in the simulated office noise was 2 dB or less at all test frequencies. Acutal threshold elevations agreed closely with predictions based on a critical ratio-calculation utilizing measured sound field noise levels and measured earphone attenuation values.