Mitigation potential and environmental impact of centralized versus distributed BECCS with domestic biomass production in Great Britain
Mitigation potential and environmental impact of centralized versus distributed BECCS with domestic biomass production in Great Britain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/gcbb.12630
复制
发表时间：
2019-07-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Smith, Pete
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albanito, Fabrizio;Hastings, Astley;Smith, Pete
预计英国政府将公布新的应急政策计划，以制定紧急行动，如碳捕获和储存、温室气体清除和使用可持续生物能源，以实现第四和第五次碳预算的温室气体减排目标。在这项研究中，我们确定了两种可行的生物能源生产途径，即基于集中式和分布式能源系统的生物能源与碳捕获和储存（BECCS），以展示如果到2050年在英国部署BECCS的情况。在集中式和分布式能源系统中，可用于可持续生产生物质原料的农业土地面积约为0.39和0.5 Mha，分别提供约5.7和7.3 Mt（DM）/年的生物质。如果这种土地利用变化发生，生物能源作物将有助于减少农业土壤温室气体排放量的9和11 MtCO 2当量/年分别在集中和分布式能源系统。此外，生物能源作物可有助于减少农业土壤氨排放和土壤硝酸盐淋溶造成的水污染，并增加土壤有机碳储量。BECCS的技术缓解潜力导致集中式和分布式能源系统的预计CO2减排量分别约为18 MtCO 2/年和23 MtCO 2/年。这表明，可持续生物量的国内供应将无法实现BECCS每年50 MtCO 2的减排目标。为了实现这一目标，必须在0.59或0.49百万公顷的森林系统中生产固体生物质，或者每年进口8或6.6百万吨生物质，分别用于集中式和分散式能源系统。本研究的空间明确的结果可以用来确定潜在的捕获CO2的BECCS的区域差异，陆上CO2运输基础设施的发展提供了依据。
New contingency policy plans are expected to be published by the United Kingdom government to set out urgent actions, such as carbon capture and storage, greenhouse gas removal and the use of sustainable bioenergy to meet the greenhouse gas reduction targets of the 4th and 5th Carbon Budgets. In this study, we identify two plausible bioenergy production pathways for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) based on centralized and distributed energy systems to show what BECCS could look like if deployed by 2050 in Great Britain. The extent of agricultural land available to sustainably produce biomass feedstock in the centralized and distributed energy systems is about 0.39 and 0.5 Mha, providing approximately 5.7 and 7.3 Mt(DM)/year of biomass respectively. If this land-use change occurred, bioenergy crops would contribute to reduced agricultural soil GHG emission by 9 and 11 MtCO2eq/year in the centralized and distributed energy systems respectively. In addition, bioenergy crops can contribute to reduce agricultural soil ammonia emissions and water pollution from soil nitrate leaching, and to increase soil organic carbon stocks. The technical mitigation potentials from BECCS lead to projected CO2 reductions of approximately 18 and 23 MtCO2/year from the centralized and distributed energy systems respectively. This suggests that the domestic supply of sustainable biomass would not allow the emission reduction target of 50 MtCO2/year from BECCS to be met. To meet that target, it would be necessary to produce solid biomass from forest systems on 0.59 or 0.49 Mha, or alternatively to import 8 or 6.6 Mt(DM)/year of biomass for the centralized and distributed energy system respectively. The spatially explicit results of this study can serve to identify the regional differences in the potential capture of CO2 from BECCS, providing the basis for the development of onshore CO2 transport infrastructures.