Identification and use of potential bacterial organic antifungal volatiles in biocontrol
Identification and use of potential bacterial organic antifungal volatiles in biocontrol
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.10.021
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Savchuk, SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernando, WGD;Ramarathnam, R;Savchuk, SC
从油菜和大豆植物中分离出的细菌产生了抗真菌的有机挥发性化合物。在体外和土壤试验中，这些化合物抑制了菌核菌和子囊孢子的萌发，以及菌丝的生长。空腔载玻片中子囊孢子的萌发被挥发性发酵剂抑制了54-90%。当暴露于这些挥发物的菌丝塞或菌核被转移到新鲜琼脂板上时，病原体不能生长，这表明挥发物的杀真菌性质。由细菌产生的头部空间挥发物用活性炭捕获，通过连续将氮气传递到摇摇培养48小时。化合物用二氯甲烷从木炭中洗脱，并使用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）进行鉴定。挥发性化合物包括醛类、醇类、酮类和硫化物。在分离的培养皿中测定23种化合物的抗真菌活性，用这些化合物浸泡的滤盘（100和150 μ l），只有6种化合物完全抑制菌丝生长或菌核形成，表明它们在生物防治方面具有潜在的作用。所述化合物为苯并噻唑、环己醇、正癸醛、二甲基三硫化物、2-乙基1-己醇和壬醛。挥发物可能在抑制硬化活性、限制子囊孢子产生和降低疾病水平方面发挥重要作用。目前正在进行研究，以便在实地条件下了解这一现象。本文首次报道了细菌抗真菌有机挥发物在生物防治中的鉴定和应用。(c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Bacteria, isolated from canola and soybean plants, produced antifungal organic volatile compounds. These compounds inhibited sclerotia and ascospore germination, and mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, in vitro and in soil tests. Ascospore germination in cavity slides was inhibited 54-90% by the volatile producers. When mycelial plugs or the sclerotia, exposed to these volatiles, were transferred to fresh agar plates, the pathogen could not grow, indicating the fungicidal nature of the volatiles. Head space volatiles, produced by bacteria, were trapped with activated charcoal, by passing nitrogen continuously over shake cultures for 48 h. The compounds were eluted from the charcoal with methylene chloride and identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatile compounds included aldehydes, alcohols, ketones and sulfides. Of the 23 compounds assayed for antifungal activity in divided Petri plates, with filter-disks soaked with these compounds (100 and 150 mu l), only six compounds completely inhibited mycelial growth or sclerotia formation, suggesting their potential role in biological control. The compounds are benzothiazole, cyclohexanol, n-decanal, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-ethyl 1-hexanol, and nonanal. Volatiles may play an important role in the inhibition of sclerotial activity, limiting ascospore production, and reducing disease levels. Studies are under way to understand this phenomenon under field conditions. This is the first report on the identification and use of bacterial antifungal organic volatiles in biocontrol. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.