Polybrominated diphenyl ether in the East Asian environment: a critical review.
Polybrominated diphenyl ether in the East Asian environment: a critical review.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2007.03.016
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发表时间：
2007-10
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Yawei Wang;G. Jiang;P. Lam;An Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yawei Wang;G. Jiang;P. Lam;An Li
多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）已被广泛用作消费品中的阻燃剂。有充分证据表明，多溴联苯醚已在全球环境中迅速积累。在亚洲，十溴二苯醚已被大量生产和使用，而五溴二苯醚已在1990年代中期基本停止使用。本文对东亚地区多溴联苯醚污染现状进行了总结和评述，重点对东亚地区与欧洲和北美地区的污染状况进行了比较，并对东亚地区的污染差异进行了解释。一般而言，东亚的大气、污泥、人体和生物样本中的多溴二苯醚浓度与欧洲和北美的浓度相当或更低。然而，在人口密集和高度工业化地区附近的沃茨沉积物中，多溴二苯醚的含量是文献中报告的最高水平之一。在日本和中国，过去20-30年来，沉积物岩心中的多溴二苯醚浓度呈上升趋势。此外，日本母乳中的多溴二苯醚含量在过去20年中增加了约10倍。1994年海狗体内的多溴二苯醚含量比1972年增加了约150倍。由于信息不足，无法确认区域和洲际运输。然而，在青藏高原的一个原始湖泊中检测到多种多溴联苯醚同系物可能是其远距离迁移的证据。
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been extensively used as flame retardants in consumer goods. Sufficient evidence shows that PBDEs have been rapidly accumulating in the environment worldwide. In Asia, deca-bromodiphenyl ether has been produced and used in large quantities, while penta-BDE has largely ceased in the mid-1990s. This paper summarizes and critically reviews the status of PBDE pollution in East Asia, with emphases on the comparisons with Europe and North America and the interpretation of the differences. In general, the concentrations of PBDEs in atmosphere, sludge, human and biological samples of East Asia are comparable to or lower than those in Europe and North America. However, in the sediments of waters near densely populated and heavily industrialized areas, PBDE levels are among the highest ever reported in the literature. In Japan and China, concentrations of PBDEs in sediment cores showed an increasing trend for the past 20–30 years. Also, PBDEs levels in human breast milk in Japan increased about 10-fold in the past 20 years. The presence of PBDEs in fur seal has increased about 150-fold in 1994 than that in 1972. Regional and inter-continental transport cannot be confirmed due to insufficient information. However, the detection of a number of PBDE congeners in a pristine lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau may be an evidence of their long-range transport.