Engineering change? The idea of 'the scheme' in African irrigation
Engineering change? The idea of 'the scheme' in African irrigation
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工程变更？
DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.06.028
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Harrison E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison E
尽管越来越多的人认识到农民主导的灌溉的重要性，但外部工程和诱导计划仍然是撒哈拉以南非洲灌溉发展的流行模式。这些都有一个混合的记录，许多人受到了广泛的批评。然而，在殖民主义时期发起的计划已经恢复，新的计划仍在制定中。本文探讨了这种灌溉模式的持续吸引力，询问它是如何以及为什么会持续下去的。工程在灌溉计划中如此重要，这是斯科特可能认为的“高度现代主义”的另一个例子吗？分析历史和当前的政策制定背景下，在马拉维的一个新的灌溉计划提出了一个更复杂的画面，其中实际的工程考虑联合收割机与现代化和政治必要性的叙述，以创造动力和锁定。理解这一点，以及为什么过去的经验教训不足以塑造面向未来的规划，需要询问参与者的立场，包括国家，捐助者和私营部门行为者以及他们运作的政治，经济和话语领域。
Despite a growing recognition of the significance of farmer-led irrigation, externally engineered and induced schemes remain a popular model for irrigation development in sub-Saharan Africa. These have had a mixed record, and many have been widely critiqued. Nonetheless, schemes that were initiated under colonialism have been rehabilitated and new schemes are still being developed. This paper interrogates the continuing attraction of this model for irrigation, asking how and why it persists. Is the fact that engineering is so central to irrigation schemes another example of ‘high modernism’, as Scott might argue? Analysis of the history and current policy-making context of a new irrigation scheme in Malawi suggests a picture that is more complex, in which practical engineering considerations combine with narratives of modernisation and political imperatives to create momentum and lock-in. Understanding this, and why lessons from the past inadequately shape future-directed planning requires interrogation of the positionality of those involved, including state, donors and private sector actors and the political, economic and discursive fields in which they operate.