Nivalenol, a main Fusarium toxin in dietary foods from high-risk areas of cancer of esophagus and gastric cardia in China, induced benign and malignant tumors in mice.
Nivalenol, a main Fusarium toxin in dietary foods from high-risk areas of cancer of esophagus and gastric cardia in China, induced benign and malignant tumors in mice.
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DOI：
10.3892/or.12.2.449
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发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
C. Hsia;Z. Wu;Yun Li;Fan Zhang;Zongyu Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Hsia;Z. Wu;Yun Li;Fan Zhang;Zongyu Sun
本文首次报道了在中国诱发小鼠食道癌、贲门癌高发区饮食中天然高水平存在的镰刀菌毒素雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)对小鼠良、恶性肿瘤的诱发作用。对河南临县和中国河北慈乡两个食管癌、贲门癌高发地区家庭的97份膳食面粉、大麦和玉米样品中雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的含量进行了测定。3种膳食食品中NIV和DON的平均水平分别为830+/-927微克/公斤(范围584-1,780微克/公斤)和4,281+/-6,114微克/公斤(范围732-10,980微克/公斤)。NIV在临县大麦中的平均最高含量为1,780+/-1,705微克/公斤，在慈乡玉米中的平均含量为10,980+/-10,139微克/公斤。在2份来自美国的大米样品中未检测到NIV。在这两个高危地区，三种主要饮食中的NIV平均水平估计比美国高出400到800倍，在美国，饮食食物中没有检测到NIV，美国白人食道癌的死亡率为10万分之5(优势比估计为17-34，P<；0.000005)。这些数据表明，与食用不含或可忽略不含NIV的食物的美国居民相比，食用高NIV饮食的临县和慈祥农民患食道癌的风险显著增加。在Balb/C小鼠身上进行了三次重复实验，间歇应用NIV，并交替应用12-十四烷基佛波醇-13-乙酸酯(TPA)。在存活11-60周的小鼠中，共有23/49(47%)的小鼠发生了乳头状瘤和癌症。在所有肿瘤中，发现3只小鼠的4个肿瘤。在60只只在皮肤上涂抹TPA或丙酮(溶剂)的对照组小鼠中，没有发现肿瘤。
This is the first report that a Fusarium toxin nivalenol (NIV) naturally existing at high levels in dietary food in high-risk areas of cancer of esophagus and gastric cardia in China induced benign and malignant tumors in mice. The levels of two Fusarium toxins, nivalenol and deoxynivalenol (DON) were quantitated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a total of 97 samples of dietary wheat flour, barley and corn collected from families in two areas with high mortality rate of cancer of esophagus and gastric cardia (132/100,000), Linxian, Henan province and Cixiang, Hepei province, China. The mean level of NIV and DON in three dietary foods was 830+/-927 microg/kg (range 584-1,780 microg/kg) and 4,281+/-6,114 microg/kg (range 732-10,980 microg/kg) respectively. The highest mean level of NIV was 1,780+/-1,705 microg/kg found in barley from Linxian, that of DON was 10,980+/-10,139 microg/kg found in corn from Cixiang. NIV was undetectable in 2 samples of rice from USA. The mean levels of NIV in three main dietary foods in those two high-risk areas were estimated at 400 to 800-fold higher than that in the USA, where NIV was undetectable in dietary food, and the mortality rate of esophageal cancer is <5/100,000 in white Caucasians in the USA, (odds ratio was estimated at 17-34, p<0.000005). These data suggest that Linxian and Cixiang peasants who consumed a diet with high NIV had significantly higher risk for developing esophageal cancer than the US residents who consumed food without or with negligible amounts of NIV. Three repeated experiments were performed using Balb/C mice with inter-mittent application of NIV, alternate with 12-Tetradeconoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) application on skin. Papillomas and carcinomas developed in a total of 23/49 (47%) mice that survived 11-60 weeks of experiments. Among all the tumors, 4 carcinomas in 3 mice were identified. No tumors were found in the 60 control mice applying either TPA or acetone (solvent) only on skin.