The sites and topology of mitochondrial superoxide production.

The sites and topology of mitochondrial superoxide production.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.exger.2010.01.003
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发表时间:
2010-08
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Brand, Martin D.
Brand, Martin D.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brand, Martin D.

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线粒体超氧化物产生是细胞中活性氧的重要来源,并且可能导致或促成衰老和衰老疾病。哺乳动物线粒体中产生超氧化物的七个主要位点是已知的并且被广泛接受。按最大容量的降序排列,它们是复合物I中的泛醌结合位点(位点IQ)和复合物III中的泛醌结合位点(位点IIIQo)、甘油3-磷酸脱氢酶、复合物I中的黄素(位点IF)、电子转移黄素蛋白:脂肪酸β氧化的Q氧化还原酶(ETHIOR)以及丙酮酸和2-酮戊二酸脱氢酶。这些网站没有一个是完全特征化的,对于一些我们只有粗略的信息。这些位点的拓扑结构很重要,因为它决定了一个位点是否会在线粒体基质中产生超氧化物,并能够破坏线粒体DNA。所有的网站产生超氧化物的矩阵;网站IIIQo和甘油3-磷酸脱氢酶也产生超氧化物的膜间隙。在不存在电子传递抑制剂的情况下,每个位点对线粒体活性氧产生的相对贡献在分离的线粒体中、在细胞中或在体内是未知的,并且可能随物种、组织、底物、能量需求和氧张力而显著变化。
Mitochondrial superoxide production is an important source of reactive oxygen species in cells, and may cause or contribute to ageing and the diseases of ageing. Seven major sites of superoxide production in mammalian mitochondria are known and widely accepted. In descending order of maximum capacity they are the ubiquinone binding sites in complex I (site IQ) and complex III (site IIIQo), glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, the flavin in complex I (site IF), the electron transferring flavoprotein:Q oxidoreductase (ETFQOR) of fatty acid beta oxidation, and pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases. None of these sites is fully characterized and for some we only have sketchy information. The topology of the sites is important because it determines whether or not a site will produce superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix and be able to damage mitochondrial DNA. All sites produce superoxide in the matrix; site IIIQo and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase also produce superoxide to the intermembrane space. The relative contribution of each site to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in the absence of electron transport inhibitors is unknown in isolated mitochondria, in cells or in vivo, and may vary considerably with species, tissue, substrate, energy demand and oxygen tension.
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