The Role of eHealth in Optimizing Preventive Care in the Primary Care Setting
The Role of eHealth in Optimizing Preventive Care in the Primary Care Setting
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.3817
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Sanson-Fisher, Rob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carey, Mariko;Noble, Natasha;Sanson-Fisher, Rob
可改变的健康风险行为，如吸烟、超重和肥胖、危险的酒精消费、缺乏身体活动和营养不良，在世界发病率和死亡率负担中占很大比例。全科医生（GP）在识别和管理可改变的健康风险行为方面发挥着关键作用。然而，在初级保健环境中，这些问题往往没有得到充分的发现和管理。我们描述了电子健康的潜力，以帮助患者和全科医生克服一些障碍，以管理健康风险行为。特别是，我们讨论了（1）电子健康在促进日常收集患者报告的生活方式风险因素的数据，和（2）电子健康在改善临床管理中的作用，通过提供量身定制的反馈，即时护理提醒，量身定制的教育材料，并转介到在线自我管理计划的确定的风险因素。需要考虑并最大限度地利用电子卫生媒介的能力，包括使用动态功能和量身定制，以帮助最终用户接触、理解和应用信息。最后，在实施电子健康解决方案在初级保健设置的潜在挑战进行了讨论。总之，创新的电子健康解决方案在改善初级保健环境中的预防保健方面具有巨大的潜力。然而，关注数据安全和设计电子卫生界面等问题，最大限度地提高最终用户的参与度，对于推动这一领域的发展至关重要。
Modifiable health risk behaviors such as smoking, overweight and obesity, risky alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition contribute to a substantial proportion of the world's morbidity and mortality burden. General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in identifying and managing modifiable health risk behaviors. However, these are often underdetected and undermanaged in the primary care setting. We describe the potential of eHealth to help patients and GPs to overcome some of the barriers to managing health risk behaviors. In particular, we discuss (1) the role of eHealth in facilitating routine collection of patient-reported data on lifestyle risk factors, and (2) the role of eHealth in improving clinical management of identified risk factors through provision of tailored feedback, point-of-care reminders, tailored educational materials, and referral to online self-management programs. Strategies to harness the capacity of the eHealth medium, including the use of dynamic features and tailoring to help end users engage with, understand, and apply information need to be considered and maximized. Finally, the potential challenges in implementing eHealth solutions in the primary care setting are discussed. In conclusion, there is significant potential for innovative eHealth solutions to make a contribution to improving preventive care in the primary care setting. However, attention to issues such as data security and designing eHealth interfaces that maximize engagement from end users will be important to moving this field forward.