Desert wonderings: reimagining food access mapping
Desert wonderings: reimagining food access mapping
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DOI：
10.1007/s10460-019-09914-5
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Daniels, Jess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Master, Kathryn Teigen;Daniels, Jess
20多年来，“食物沙漠”的概念一直是一个令人回味的隐喻，象征着与通过零售和社会排斥获得营养食品的机会少有关的不公正的空间模式。然而，尽管食物沙漠的概念有着精辟的吸引力，但学者和活动家们越来越多地批评食物沙漠的概念是污名化的，不准确的，不足以描述根深蒂固的结构性不平等。这些有充分根据的批评表明，有必要重新制定空间化粮食不公正的方法。我们认为，粮食沙漠地图，其目的是直观地说明粮食不平等，可以复制有问题的假设，污名，和不准确的，形成学术批评的症结。例如，食物沙漠地图通常忽视社区资产，并利用脱离背景和过度确定的指标，如接近超市和交通便利。虽然我们承认食物沙漠地图的贡献，在本文中，我们提出了一个重新想象的食物获取地图。为了说明我们的论点，我们提出了一个基于课程的食品正义映射研究在普罗维登斯，罗得岛。我们的项目从询问粮食沙漠的赤字导向框架的研究中汲取灵感，以及几种替代的制图实践：批判性制图和反制图，社区资产制图，参与式地理信息系统和激进的制图。我们认为，这些替代的映射方法有可能使从业者和观众超越荒凉的“沙漠”的Vantage位置，并朝着更有质感的理解社区食物的获取，激发从事探索。
For over 20years, the concept of "food deserts" has served as an evocative metaphor, signifying spatialized patterns of injustice associated with low access to nutritious foods through retail and social exclusion. Yet in spite of its pithy appeal, scholars and activists increasingly critique the food desert concept as stigmatizing, inaccurate, and insufficient to characterize entrenched structural inequities. These well-founded critiques demonstrate a convincing need to reframe approaches to spatialized food injustice. We argue that food desert maps, which aim to visually illustrate food inequality, can reproduce problematic assumptions, stigmas, and inaccuracies that form the crux of scholarly critiques. For example, food desert maps typically overlook community assets and also utilize decontextualized and overdetermined indicators, such as proximity to supermarkets and transportation access. Although we acknowledge the contributions of food desert maps, in this paper we propose a reimagining of food access mapping. To illustrate our argument, we present a course-based food justice mapping study in Providence, Rhode Island. Our project draws inspiration from studies that interrogate the deficit-oriented framing of food deserts, as well as several alternative mapping practices: critical cartography and counter-mapping, community asset mapping, participatory geographic information systems, and radical cartography. We suggest these alternative mapping approaches have potential to move practitioners and viewers beyond the desolate "desert" vantage point and toward a more textured understanding of community food access that inspires engaged exploration.