Role of nitric oxide in the control of the pulmonary circulation: physiological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic implications
Role of nitric oxide in the control of the pulmonary circulation: physiological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic implications
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DOI：
10.1590/s1806-37132008000600012
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Tanus-Santos, José Eduardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dias-Junior, Carlos Alan;Cau, Stefany Bruno de Assis;Tanus-Santos, José Eduardo
一氧化氮 (NO) 是一种内源性血管活性化合物，有助于肺血管稳态，由三种一氧化氮合酶 (NOS) 异构体神经元 NOS (nNOS) 产生；诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）；和内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）——这三种都存在于肺部。使用药物抑制剂或基因敲除小鼠的研究表明，eNOS 衍生的 NO 在调节肺血管张力和减轻肺动脉高压方面发挥着重要作用。然而，针对 iNOS 作用的研究表明，这种亚型有助于急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的病理生理学。本综述旨在概述生理和病理生理条件下 NO 在控制肺循环中所发挥的作用。此外，我们回顾了 L-精氨酸-NO-环鸟苷单磷酸途径是治疗肺血管疾病的主要药理学靶点的证据。
Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous vasoactive compound that contributes to pulmonary vascular homeostasis and is produced by three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms-neuronal NOS (nNOS); inducible NOS (iNOS); and endothelial NOS (eNOS)-all three of which are present in the lung. Studies using pharmacological inhibitors or knockout mice have shown that eNOS-derived NO plays an important role in modulating pulmonary vascular tone and attenuating pulmonary hypertension. However, studies focusing on the role of iNOS have shown that this isoform contributes to the pathophysiology of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This review aimed at outlining the role played by NO in the control of pulmonary circulation, both under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In addition, we review the evidence that the L-arginine-NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway is a major pharmacological target in the treatment of pulmonary vascular diseases.