Overview of obesity in Mainland China
Overview of obesity in Mainland China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2007.00433.x
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Chen, C. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, C. M.
本文综述了近8年来中国大陆肥胖问题的研究进展。根据2002年全国营养与健康调查的结果，建立了基于疾病风险的中国成年人体重指数分级方法。还制定了7-18岁中国儿童和青少年的年龄和性别特异性BMI临界值。作为控制肥胖工作的第一步，中国政府提出并公布了超重和肥胖流行对公共卫生的影响。2002年超重患病率为22.8%，肥胖患病率为7.1%，自1992年以来分别增加了40.7%和97.2%。在儿童中，超重/肥胖症急剧增加，1985年至1995年期间，北京和上海的超重/肥胖症增加了2至3倍; 2000年，7至12岁男孩的超重和肥胖症患病率接近29%，女孩为15- 17%。中国超重/肥胖的快速发展无疑会推高慢性病的患病率。2002年，超重和肥胖人群中成人高血压和糖尿病的相对风险为2-5。在青少年中，超重者患高血压的相对危险度为3.3，肥胖者为3.9，在中国肥胖儿童中有心血管危险因素聚集，其中90.5%有腹部肥胖的证据。即使超重组也有15.8%的腹部肥胖。根据2002年超重和肥胖的人口归因风险以及高血压、糖尿病、中风和冠心病的直接医疗成本数据，这些合并成本中有25%可归因于超重和肥胖。由于在中国经济发展过程中，幼儿线性生长的改善通常慢于体重的改善，因此提出了幼儿存在“发育不良性肥胖”而非单纯性肥胖问题的长期成人影响。对成人肥胖与胎儿和早期营养之间关系的分析强调了进一步研究的必要性。
This overview describes the study of obesity issues over the last 8 years in Mainland China. A disease risk-based body mass index classification for Chinese adults was developed and verified by the results of the 2002 China Nationwide Nutrition and Health Survey. Age and gender-specific BMI cut-offs for Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were also developed. As the first step in the obesity control effort, the public health implications of the prevalence of overweight and obesity were set out and publicized by the government of China. The overweight prevalence in 2002 was 22.8% and for obesity 7.1%, these having increased by 40.7% and 97.2%, respectively, since 1992. In children, dramatic increases in overweight/obesity have occurred with a two- to threefold increase in Beijing and Shanghai between 1985 and 1995; the prevalence of overweight plus obesity in 7- to 12-year-old boys approached 29% in 2000 and in girls 15-17%. The rapid development of overweight/obesity in China will undoubtedly push up the prevalence of chronic disease. The relative risk for adult hypertension and diabetes in the overweight and obese populations was 2-5 in 2002. In adolescents, the relative risk of hypertension in the overweight was 3.3 and in the obese 3.9, with a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in the obese Chinese children of whom 90.5% had evidence of abdominal obesity. Even the overweight group had 15.8% with abdominal obesity. Based on the population attributable risks of overweight and obesity in 2002 and data on the direct medical costs of hypertension, diabetes, stroke and coronary heart disease, 25% of these comorbidity costs could be attributed to overweight and obesity. As the improvement in linear growth of young children is usually slower than their improvements in weight during the economic development of China, the long-term adult implications of having a problem of 'Stunted obesity' rather than simple obesity in young children are raised. Analysis of the associations between adult obesity with the individuals' fetal and early nutrition highlights the need for further investigation.