Outcome expectations and use of smokeless tobacco (snus): A cross-sectional study among young Norwegian snus users
Outcome expectations and use of smokeless tobacco (snus): A cross-sectional study among young Norwegian snus users
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00823.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Aaro, Leif E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiium, Nora;Aaro, Leif E.
在这项研究中，使用与鼻烟（湿鼻烟）使用相关的结果预期措施来预测报告的鼻烟使用频率。数据来自挪威一项针对16至20岁青少年的全国性调查。仅鼻烟使用者被纳入统计分析（n = 589）。主要的结果测量，鼻烟使用频率，被测量为分类变量-偶尔，每周和每天使用。结果预期的四个维度（情绪调节、吸烟控制、体重控制和负面健康结果）被测量并在验证性因素分析中得到证实。被调查者倾向于认为使用鼻烟对健康有害，但他们仍然支持将鼻烟作为控制自己吸烟的一种方式。在扫描电镜模型中，结果预期的四个维度中的两个维度被证明是鼻烟使用频率的特别重要的预测因素——情绪调节和吸烟控制。没有发现与性别有显著的相互作用。男性在“情绪调节”和“吸烟控制”方面的得分高于女性，而女性在“负面健康结果”方面的得分高于男性。如果更多的吸烟者确信使用鼻烟是一种危害较小的选择，那么他们中的更多人可能会开始使用鼻烟，这不仅是因为对健康结果的预期与使用鼻烟之间存在某种联系，而且还因为许多人认为使用鼻烟是一种戒烟的补救措施，是一种获得通常与吸烟有关的情绪调节益处的方法。
In this study, measures of outcome expectancies related to use of snus (wet snuff) were used to predict reported frequency of snus use. Data stem from a nation-wide survey in Norway among 16- to 20-year-olds. Only users of snus were included in the statistical analyses (n = 589). The main outcome measure, frequency of snus use, was measured as a categorical variable - occasional, weekly and daily use. Four dimensions of outcome expectancies (mood regulation, smoking control, weight control and negative health outcomes) were measured and confirmed in a confirmatory factor analysis. Informants tended to believe that snus use is harmful to health, but still they supported the idea of snus as a way to control own cigarette smoking. In a SEM model, two of the four dimensions of outcome expectancies turned out to be particularly significant predictors of frequency of snus use - mood regulation and smoking control. No significant interactions with gender were found. Males scored higher than females on "mood regulation", and "smoking control", while females scored higher than males on "negative health outcomes". If more smokers were convinced that snus use is a less harmful alternative, more of them might start using snus, not only because there is some association between health outcome expectancies and snus use, but also because snus use by many is perceived as a remedy to stop smoking and as a way to gain some of the mood regulation benefits which are usually associated with smoking.