Distributions and trends of serum lipid levels among United States children and adolescents ages 4-19 years: Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Distributions and trends of serum lipid levels among United States children and adolescents ages 4-19 years: Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.1998.0376
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hickman, TB;Briefel, RR;Johnson, CL
背景在儿童时期出现动脉粥样硬化，并发展到成年。降低儿童期心血管风险因素，如血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平升高，可降低成年期心血管发病率和死亡率。使用最新的全国代表性数据检查儿童和青少年的脂质分布。来自NHANES III（1988 - 1994）的7，499名受试者的数据用于估计4至19岁儿童和青少年血清总胆固醇、LDL-C、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和甘油三酯的平均值和百分位数分布。按年龄、性别和种族/民族分析估计值。使用NHES III（1966 - 1970）、NHANES I（1971 - 1974）和NHANES III（1988 - 1994）的数据对12 - 17岁儿童的平均总胆固醇趋势进行了研究。对于4至19岁的儿童和青少年，血清总胆固醇的第95百分位数为216 mg/dL，第75百分位数为181 mg/dL。平均年龄特异性总胆固醇水平在9 - 11岁时达到171 mg/dL的峰值，此后下降。女性的总胆固醇和LDL-C水平显著高于男性（P <0.005）。非西班牙裔黑人儿童和青少年的平均总胆固醇、LDL-C和HDL-C水平显著高于非西班牙裔白色和墨西哥裔美国儿童和青少年。从1966 - 1970年到1988 - 1994年，12至17岁青少年的平均总胆固醇水平下降了7 mg/dL，与成人中观察到的趋势一致，但下降幅度较小。黑人女性在两次调查之间经历了最小的下降。研究结果提供了美国儿童和青少年的脂质分布情况，并表明，与成年人一样，青少年的总胆固醇水平也有所下降。从20世纪60年代末到90年代初，美国青少年的总胆固醇水平平均下降了7 mg/dL。这些信息对于计划从儿童时期健康生活方式的发展开始预防心血管疾病的计划非常有用。(C)1998年美国健康基金会和学术出版社。
Background. Atherosclerosis beans in childhood and progresses into adulthood. The reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, such as elevated serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, in childhood may reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Lipid distributions among children and adolescents were examined using the most recent nationally representative data.Methods. Data from 7,499 examinees in NHANES III (1988-1994) were used to estimate mean and percentile distributions of serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides in children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years. The estimates were analyzed by age, sex, and race/ethnic groups. Trends in mean total cholesterol were examined for 12- to 17-year-olds using data from NHES III (1966-1970), NHANES I (1971-1974), and NHANES III (1988-1994).Results. For children and adolescents 4 to 19 years of age, the 95th percentile for serum total cholesterol was 216 mg/dL and the 75th percentile was 181 mg/dL. Mean age-specific total cholesterol levels peaked at 171 mg/dL at 9-11 years of age and fell thereafter. Females Bad significantly higher mean total cholesterol and LDL-C levels than did males (P < 0.005). Non-Hispanic black children and adolescents had significantly higher mean total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels compared to non-Hispanic white and Mexican American children and adolescents. The mean total cholesterol level among 12- to 17-year-olds decreased by 7 mg/dL from 1966-1970 to 1988-1994 and is consistent with, but less than, observed trends in adults. Black females have experienced the smallest decline between surveys.Conclusions. The findings provide a picture of the lipid distribution among U.S. children and adolescents and indicate that, like adults, adolescents have experienced a fall in total cholesterol levels. Total cholesterol levels in U.S. adolescents declined from the late 1960s to the early 1990s by an average of 7 mg/dL. This information is useful for planning programs targeting the prevention of cardiovascular disease beginning with the development of heathy lifestyles in childhood. (C) 1998 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.