Effect of potassium-enriched salt on cardiovascular mortality and medical expenses of elderly men
Effect of potassium-enriched salt on cardiovascular mortality and medical expenses of elderly men
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1289
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Pan, Wen-Harn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Hsing-Yi;Hu, Yu-Whuei;Pan, Wen-Harn
背景：一些短期试验已报告富钾盐对血压的有益影响。富钾盐对心血管死亡率的长期影响尚未得到仔细研究。目的：目的是检查富钾盐对老年退伍军人心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率和医疗费用的影响。设计：一家退伍军人退休之家的五个厨房被随机分为两组（实验组或对照组）和分配到这些厨房的退伍军人被给予富含钾的盐（实验组）或普通盐（对照组）约31个月。结果：总共有1981名退伍军人，768名在实验组[（x）超过标准（+/- SD）年龄：74.8 +/- 7.1 y]和1213名在对照组（年龄：74.9 +/- 6.7 y），被纳入分析。实验组的CVD生存率优于对照组。实验组和对照组的CVD相关死亡发生率分别为13.1/1000人（2057人-年中有27例死亡）和20.5/1000人（3218人-年中有66例死亡）。在实验组中观察到CVD死亡率显著降低（年龄校正的风险比：0.59; 95%CI：0.37，0.95）。实验组的人寿命延长了0.3-0.90年，花费明显减少在控制了年龄和以前的住院费用后，CVD的住院护理费用（约为426美元/年）高于对照组。这项研究表明，从普通盐到钾的转换对CVD死亡率和医疗支出有长期的有益影响，在一群年老的退伍军人中添加了丰富的盐。这种影响可能是由于钾的大量增加和钠摄入量的适度减少。
Background: The beneficial effects of potassium-enriched salt on blood pressure have been reported in a few short-term trials. The long-term effects of potassium-enriched salt on cardiovascular mortality have not been carefully studied.Objective: The objective was to examine the effects of potassium-enriched salt on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and medical expenditures in elderly veterans.Design: Five kitchens of a veteran retirement home were randomized into 2 groups (experimental or control) and veterans assigned to those kitchens were given either potassium-enriched salt (experimental group) or regular salt (control group) for approximate to 31 mo. Information on death, health insurance claims, and dates that veterans moved in or out of the home was gathered.Results: Altogether, 1981 veterans, 768 in the experimental [(x) over bar (+/- SD) age: 74.8 +/- 7.1 y] and 1213 in the control (age: 74.9 +/- 6.7 y) groups, were included in the analysis. The experimental group had better CVD survivorship than did the control group. The incidence of CVD-related deaths was 13.1 per 1000 persons (27 deaths in 2057 person-years) and 20.5 per 1000 (66 deaths in 3218 person-years) for the experimental and control groups, respectively. A significant reduction in CVD mortality (age-adjusted hazard ratio: 0.59; 95 % CI: 0.37,0.95) was observed in the experimental group. Persons in the experimental group lived 0.3-0.90 y longer and spent significantly less (approximate to US $426/y) in inpatient care for CVD than did the control group, after control for age and previous hospitalization expenditures.Conclusions: This study showed a long-term beneficial effect on CVD mortality and medical expenditure associated with a switch from regular salt to potassium-enriched salt in a group of elderly veterans. The effect was likely due to a major increase in potassium and a moderate reduction in sodium intakes.