Two concepts of therapeutic optimism
Two concepts of therapeutic optimism
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/jme.2010.038943
复制
发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Jansen, Lynn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jansen, Lynn A.
长期以来，研究人员和伦理学家一直关注早期临床试验参与者对直接医疗益处的期望。关于这个问题的早期工作考虑了参与者误解临床研究目的的可能性，或者他们被误导了这些试验的医疗益处前景。然而，最近，人们的注意力转向了一种可能性，即研究参与者只是对他们参与这些试验表示乐观或希望。这种治疗乐观主义的伦理意义尚不清楚。本文认为，有两种不同的现象，可以与术语“治疗乐观主义”-一个是道德良性的，另一个是潜在的令人担忧的。区分这两种现象对于理解治疗乐观主义的本质和伦理意义至关重要。未能区分这些现象也有助于解释为什么不同的作家在这个问题上经常说过去的另一个。
Researchers and ethicists have long been concerned about the expectations for direct medical benefit expressed by participants in early phase clinical trials. Early work on the issue considered the possibility that participants misunderstand the purpose of clinical research or that they are misinformed about the prospects for medical benefit from these trials. Recently, however, attention has turned to the possibility that research participants are simply expressing optimism or hope about their participation in these trials. The ethical significance of this therapeutic optimism remains unclear. This paper argues that there are two distinct phenomena that can be associated with the term 'therapeutic optimism'-one is ethically benign and the other is potentially worrisome. Distinguishing these two phenomena is crucial for understanding the nature and ethical significance of therapeutic optimism. The failure to draw a distinction between these phenomena also helps to explain why different writers on the topic often speak past one another.