The influence of cortical activity on perception depends on behavioral state and sensory context
The influence of cortical activity on perception depends on behavioral state and sensory context
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-024-46484-5
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发表时间：
2024-03-19
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Hausser，Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Russell，Lloyd E.;Fisek，Mehmet;Hausser，Michael
神经回路活动和行为之间的机制联系仍不清楚。虽然操纵大脑皮层的活动可能会偏向某些行为，并引发人为的感知，但当大脑皮层被静默或移除时，一些任务仍然可以解决。在这里，小鼠被训练来执行一项视觉检测任务，在此期间，我们选择性地瞄准初级视觉皮质(V1)L2/3的视觉反应和共调神经元群进行双光子光刺激。光刺激的影响取决于两个关键因素：动物的行为状态和视觉刺激的对比度。光刺激增强了对低对比度刺激的检测，而抑制了对高对比度刺激的检测，但关键是，只有当小鼠高度参与这项任务时才能做到这一点。当老鼠较少参与时，我们对大脑皮质活动的操纵对行为没有影响。这些行为变化与神经元活动的特定变化有关。局部网络中非光刺激神经元的反应还取决于两个因素：它们与光刺激神经元的功能相似性和视觉刺激的对比度。随着视觉刺激对比度的增加，与行为变化相关的功能相似的神经元在光刺激下受到越来越多的抑制。我们的结果表明，大脑皮层活动对知觉的影响不是固定的，而是受行为状态、正在进行的活动和通过特定回路传递信息的动态和上下文调制。
The mechanistic link between neural circuit activity and behavior remains unclear. While manipulating cortical activity can bias certain behaviors and elicit artificial percepts, some tasks can still be solved when cortex is silenced or removed. Here, mice were trained to perform a visual detection task during which we selectively targeted groups of visually responsive and co-tuned neurons in L2/3 of primary visual cortex (V1) for two-photon photostimulation. The influence of photostimulation was conditional on two key factors: the behavioral state of the animal and the contrast of the visual stimulus. The detection of low-contrast stimuli was enhanced by photostimulation, while the detection of high-contrast stimuli was suppressed, but crucially, only when mice were highly engaged in the task. When mice were less engaged, our manipulations of cortical activity had no effect on behavior. The behavioral changes were linked to specific changes in neuronal activity. The responses of non-photostimulated neurons in the local network were also conditional on two factors: their functional similarity to the photostimulated neurons and the contrast of the visual stimulus. Functionally similar neurons were increasingly suppressed by photostimulation with increasing visual stimulus contrast, correlating with the change in behavior. Our results show that the influence of cortical activity on perception is not fixed, but dynamically and contextually modulated by behavioral state, ongoing activity and the routing of information through specific circuits.